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[121] [144] Khomeini announced that there would be no reconciliation with the Shah and called on all Iranians to overthrow him. [121] [144] Military authorities declared martial law in Khuzestan province (Iran's main oil producing province) and deployed troops to its oil facilities. Navy personnel were also used as strikebreakers in the oil ...
The various anti-Shah groups operated from outside Iran, mostly in London, France, Iraq, and Turkey. Speeches by the leaders of these groups were placed on audio cassettes to be smuggled into Iran. Khomeini, who was in exile in Iraq , worked to unite clerical and secular, liberal and radical opposition under his leadership [ 28 ] by avoiding ...
After, in August 2005, Iran resumed converting raw uranium into gas, a necessary step for enrichment, the IAEA passed a resolution that accused Iran of failing to comply with the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty and called for the agency to report Iran to the UN Security Council. The timetable for the reporting, however, was left undetermined.
Students studying to be imams at Qom were most active in the protests, and Ayatollah Khomeini emerged as one of the leaders, giving sermons calling for the Shah's overthrow. [131] At least 200 people were killed, with the police throwing some students to their deaths from high buildings, and Khomeini was exiled to Iraq in 4 October 1965. [132]
Historians evaluations of Shah's human rights record have been kinder than contemporary accounts. An estimated 380, [50] not 15,000 demonstrators were killed during the June 1963 demonstrations in Iran, some of them armed. [51]
Those who escaped Iran were not immune. A decade later, another former Prime Minister, Shapour Bakhtiar, was assassinated in Paris, one of at least 63 Iranians abroad killed or wounded since the Shah was overthrown, [42] although these attacks are thought to have stopped after the early 1990s. [43]
By January 17, 1893, the overthrow of the monarchy was complete. 1894 — Hawaii becomes a republic The Republic of Hawaii is established, with Sanford Dole as its president .
Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar (Persian: آغامحمدخان قاجار, romanized: Âqâ Mohammad Xân-e Qâjâr; 14 March 1742 – 17 June 1797), also known by his regnal name of Agha Mohammad Shah (آغا محمد شاه, Âghâ Mohammad Šâh), was the founder of the Qajar dynasty of Iran, ruling from 1789 to 1797 as Shah.