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Later that year a dissenting group (the Writers' Association) gathered without the customary police break-up and arrests, starting a new era of political action by the Shah's opponents. [42] That year also saw the death of the very popular and influential modernist Islamist leader Ali Shariati, allegedly at the hands of SAVAK, removing a ...
Shah and his wife, Shahbanu Farah, leaving Iran on 16 January 1979 Ayatollah Khomeini giving a speech after arranging a press-conference at Neauphle-le-Château, France, the day after the departure of the Shah Front cover of Ettela'at, 16 January 1979, featuring (on the top) the now-famous headline "The Shah Is Gone".
The 1953 Iranian coup d'état, known in Iran as the 28 Mordad coup d'état (Persian: کودتای ۲۸ مرداد), was the U.S.- and British-instigated, Iranian army-led overthrow of the Prime Minister Mohammad Mosaddegh in favor of strengthening the autocratic rule of the shah, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, on 19 August 1953, with the objectives being to protect British oil interests in Iran after ...
Students studying to be imams at Qom were most active in the protests, and Ayatollah Khomeini emerged as one of the leaders, giving sermons calling for the Shah's overthrow. [131] At least 200 people were killed, with the police throwing some students to their deaths from high buildings, and Khomeini was exiled to Iraq in 4 October 1965. [132]
The eight-year-long Iran–Iraq War (September 1980 – August 1988, known as The Imposed War in Iran [99]) was the most important international event for the first decade of the Islamic Republic and possibly for its history so far. It helped to strengthen the revolution although it cost Iran much in lives and treasure.
In October 1965, after less than a year, he was allowed to move to Najaf, Iraq, where he stayed until 1978, when he was expelled [66] by then-Vice President Saddam Hussein. By this time, discontent with the Shah was becoming intense and Khomeini visited Neauphle-le-Château, a suburb of Paris, France, on a tourist visa on 6 October 1978. [45 ...
Reza Shah discredited and eliminated a number of his ministers. His minister of Imperial Court, Abdolhossein Teymourtash, was accused and convicted of corruption, bribery, misuse of foreign currency regulations, and plans to overthrow the Shah. He was removed as the minister of court in 1932 and died under suspicious circumstances while in ...
The Pahlavi dynasty ruled Iran from 1925 to 1979, founded by Reza Shah and succeeded by his son, Mohammad Reza Shah. The Pahlavis modernized Iran, improving infrastructure, education, and industry, while strengthening the military and legal systems. Mohammad Reza Shah’s reforms aimed to develop the economy and improve healthcare.