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Teenage pregnancy in developed countries is usually outside of marriage and is often associated with a social stigma. [15] Teenage pregnancy in developing countries often occurs within marriage and approximately half are planned. [3] However, in these societies, early pregnancy may combine with malnutrition and poor health care to cause medical ...
The teenage pregnancy rate was 33.9 per 1,000. The Canadian teenage pregnancy rate declined for both younger (15–17) and older (18–19) teens between 1992 and 2002. [22] Canada's highest teen pregnancy rates occur in small towns located in rural parts of peninsular Ontario. Alberta and Quebec have high teen pregnancy rates as well.
Teen births, aged 15–19, per 1,000 people by state, 2015. Teenage pregnancy in the United States occurs mostly unintentionally [1] and out of wedlock [2] [3] but has been declining almost continuously since the 1990s. [1] [4] [5] In 2022, the teenage birth rate fell to 13.5 per 1,000 girls aged 15 to 19, the lowest on record. [6]
Teenage pregnancy is also known as adolescent pregnancy. [181] The WHO defines adolescence as the period between the ages of 10 and 19 years. [ 182 ] Adolescents face higher health risks than women who give birth at age 20 to 24 and their infants are at a higher risk for preterm birth, low birth weight, and other severe neonatal conditions.
Maternal health is the health of people during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period.In most cases, maternal health encompasses the health care dimensions of family planning, preconception, prenatal, and postnatal care in order to ensure a positive and fulfilling experience.
[80] [393] Women married as children struggle with the impact of pregnancy at a young age on the body, often with little spacing between children. [109] Early marriages followed by teen pregnancy also significantly increase birth complications and social isolation. In poor countries, early pregnancy limits or can even eliminate a woman's ...
Both early and late motherhood have increased risks. Young teenagers face a higher risk of complications and death as a result of pregnancy. [22] Waiting until the mother is at least 18 years old before trying to have children improves maternal and child health.
The effects of fetal origin are marked by three characteristics: latency, wherein effects may not be apparent until much later in life; persistency, whereby conditions resulting from a fetal effect continue to exist for a given individual; and genetic programming, which describes the 'switching on' of a specific gene due to prenatal environment ...