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The same technique used for making twine is also used to make thread, which is thinner, yarn, and rope, which is stronger and thicker, generally with three or more strands. Natural fibres used for making twine include wool, cotton, sisal, jute, hemp, henequen, paper, and coir. A variety of synthetic fibres are also used. Twine is a popular ...
A pentafoil knot prepared using dynamic covalent chemistry was synthesized by Ayme et al. in 2012, which at the time was the most complex non-DNA molecular knot prepared to date. [20] Later in 2016, a fully organic pentafoil knot was also reported, including the very first use of a molecular knot to allosterically regulate catalysis. [34]
Cheminformatics (also known as chemoinformatics) refers to the use of physical chemistry theory with computer and information science techniques—so called "in silico" techniques—in application to a range of descriptive and prescriptive problems in the field of chemistry, including in its applications to biology and related molecular fields.
An overview of the different components included in the field of chemical biology. Chemical biology is a scientific discipline between the fields of chemistry and biology.The discipline involves the application of chemical techniques, analysis, and often small molecules produced through synthetic chemistry, to the study and manipulation of biological systems. [1]
Used to examine objects that are too small to be seen by the naked eye: Cell biology: Molecular cloning: Used to assemble recombinant DNA molecules and to direct their replication within host organisms. [12] Molecular biology: Northern blot: Used to study gene expression by detection of RNA (or isolated mRNA) in a sample. [13] [14] Molecular ...
Synthetic baling twine tied around bales of hay. Baling twine or baler twine is a small diameter sisal or synthetic twine used to bind a quantity of fibrous material (notably hay or straw) into a more compact and easily-stacked form. [citation needed] Tensile strengths of single-ply baling twine range from 95 psi (0.66 MPa) to 325 psi (2.24 MPa ...
The nucleophilic lysine residue is commonly targeted site in protein bioconjugation, typically through amine-reactive N-hydroxysuccinimidyl (NHS) esters. [3] To obtain optimal number of deprotonated lysine residues, the pH of the aqueous solution must be below the pKa of the lysine ammonium group, which is around 10.5, so the typical pH of the reaction is about 8 and 9.
The two most often used solid-phase materials are controlled pore glass (CPG) and macroporous polystyrene (MPPS). [79] CPG is commonly defined by its pore size. In oligonucleotide chemistry, pore sizes of 500, 1000, 1500, 2000, and 3000 Å are used to allow the preparation of about 50, 80, 100, 150, and 200-mer oligonucleotides, respectively ...