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The word transfection is a portmanteau of the prefix trans-and the word "infection." Genetic material (such as supercoiled plasmid DNA or siRNA constructs), may be transfected. Transfection of animal cells typically involves opening transient pores or "holes" in the cell membrane to allow the uptake of material.
Transient expression, more frequently referred to "transient gene expression", is the temporary expression of genes that are expressed for a short time after nucleic acid, most frequently plasmid DNA encoding an expression cassette, has been introduced into eukaryotic cells with a chemical delivery agent like calcium phosphate (CaPi) or polyethyleneimine (PEI). [1]
The BacMam gene delivery technology is a transient expression system, which facilitates the expression of gene products. It has a broad range of transduction, including many primary cell types and stem cells. [8]
Gene knockdown by transfection of exogenous siRNA is often unsatisfactory because the effect is only transient, especially in rapidly dividing cells. This may be overcome by creating an expression vector for the siRNA. The siRNA sequence is modified to introduce a short loop between the two strands.
Gene delivery is the process of introducing foreign genetic material, such as DNA or RNA, into host cells. [1] Gene delivery must reach the genome of the host cell to induce gene expression. [2]
Lipofectamine or Lipofectamine 2000 is a common transfection reagent, produced and sold by Invitrogen, used in molecular and cellular biology. [1] It is used to increase the transfection efficiency of RNA (including mRNA and siRNA) or plasmid DNA into in vitro cell cultures by lipofection. [1]
Transient transfection assays have shown that VAI-RNA increases the stability of ribosome-bound transcripts. [ 5 ] VAI RNA is processed in the cell to create 22 nucleotide long RNAs that can act as siRNA or miRNA . [ 6 ]
Vectors are transfected into the cells and the DNA may be integrated into the genome by homologous recombination in the case of stable transfection, or the cells may be transiently transfected. Examples of mammalian expression vectors include the adenoviral vectors, [ 38 ] the pSV and the pCMV series of plasmid vectors, vaccinia and retroviral ...