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Before the partition of India in 1947, about 584 princely states, also called "native states", existed in India. [1] These were not part of British India, the parts of the Indian subcontinent which were under direct British administration, but rather under indirect rule, subject to subsidiary alliances.
A princely state (also called native state or Indian state) was a nominally sovereign [1] entity of British India that was not directly governed by the Indian Government, but rather by a ruler under a form of indirect rule, [2] subject to a subsidiary alliance and the suzerainty or paramountcy of the Crown of India.
The State of Hyderabad under the leadership of its 7th Nizam, Mir Sir Osman Ali Khan, was the largest and most prosperous of all the princely states in India. With annual revenues of over Rs. 9 crore , [ 26 ] it covered 82,698 square miles (214,190 km 2 ) of fairly homogeneous territory and comprised a population of roughly 16.34 million people ...
The Anglo-Maratha Wars brought Gwalior State under British suzerainty, so that it became a princely state of the Indian Empire. Gwalior was the largest state in the Central India Agency, under the political supervision of a Resident at Gwalior.
Patiala State was a kingdom and princely state in British India, and one of the Phulkian States, that acceded to the Union of India upon Indian independence and partition in 1947. The state was founded by Ala Singh in 1762. [2] [3] Patiala State was the largest and most important princely state in the Punjab Province. [4]
The states are listed alphabetically; this list complements the list of princely states of British India, which is arranged by region and agency. Geographical and administrative assigning is indicative, as various names and borders have changed significantly, even entities (provinces, principalities) split, merged, renamed, etc .
The following lists of princely states of (British) India have been compiled: Flags of Indian princely states; List of princely states of British India (alphabetical)
Hyderabad State, (its capital and largest city Hyderabad) under the Nizams of Hyderabad, was the largest princely state in India, with an area larger than England, Scotland and Wales combined. It was considered the "senior-most" princely-state, and within the elaborate protocols of the Raj , its ruler the Nizam was accorded a 21-gun salute.