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  2. Homeopathic dilutions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homeopathic_dilutions

    Serial dilution of a solution results, after each dilution step, in fewer molecules of the original substance per litre of solution. Eventually, a solution will be diluted beyond any likelihood of finding a single molecule of the original substance in a litre of the total dilution product. The "Korsakovian" method may also be used.

  3. Total ionic strength adjustment buffer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_ionic_strength...

    Total ionic strength adjustment buffer (TISAB) is a buffer solution which increases the ionic strength of a solution to a relatively high level. This is important for potentiometric measurements, including ion selective electrodes, because they measure the activity of the analyte rather than its concentration.

  4. Dilution (equation) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dilution_(equation)

    Dilution is the process of decreasing the concentration of a solute in a solution, usually simply by mixing with more solvent like adding more water to the solution. To dilute a solution means to add more solvent without the addition of more solute. The resulting solution is thoroughly mixed so as to ensure that all parts of the solution are ...

  5. Standard solution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_solution

    Making a standard solution requires great attention to detail to avoid introducing any risk of contamination that could diminish the accuracy of the concentration. For this reason, glassware with high degree of precision such as a volumetric flask, volumetric pipette, micropipettes, and automatic pipettes are used in the preparation steps. The ...

  6. Sample preparation in mass spectrometry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sample_preparation_in_mass...

    Sample preparation for mass spectrometry is used for the optimization of a sample for analysis in a mass spectrometer (MS). Each ionization method has certain factors that must be considered for that method to be successful, such as volume, concentration, sample phase, and composition of the analyte solution. Quite possibly the most important ...

  7. Phosphate-buffered saline - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphate-buffered_saline

    There are many different ways to prepare PBS solutions, common ones are Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline (DPBS) [2] and the Cold Spring Harbor protocol. [3] Some formulations of DPBS do not contain potassium and magnesium, while other ones contain calcium and/or magnesium (depending on whether or not the buffer is used on live or fixed tissue: the latter does not require CaCl 2 or MgCl 2).

  8. 1-Nitropropane - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1-Nitropropane

    1-nitropropane is toxic to humans and can cause damage to the kidneys and liver. The vapours are irritating for the lungs and eyes and the maximum exposure rate is 25 ppm. [1] It is not known to be a carcinogen.

  9. Iodophor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iodophor

    Medical iodophor (Chinese povidone-iodine solution) An iodophor is a preparation containing iodine complexed with a solubilizing agent, such as a surfactant or water-soluble polymers such as povidone (forming povidone-iodine), [1] [2] The result is a water-soluble material that releases free iodine when in solution.