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A pusher aircraft is a type of aircraft using propellers placed behind the engines. Pushers may be classified according to lifting surfaces layout (conventional or 3 surface, canard, joined wing, tailless and rotorcraft) as well as engine/propeller location and drive. For historical interest, pusher aircraft are also classified by date.
A pusher aircraft is a type of aircraft using propellers placed behind the engines and may be classified according to engine/propeller location and drive as well as the lifting surfaces layout (conventional or 3 surface, canard, joined wing, tailless and rotorcraft), Some aircraft have a Push-pull configuration with both tractor and pusher engines.
Pusher aircraft have been built in many different configurations. In the vast majority of fixed-wing aircraft, the propeller or propellers are still located just behind the trailing edge of the "main lifting surface", or below the wing (paramotors) with the engine being located behind the crew position.
Production aircraft differed from the prototypes in that they had a roomier cabin and a redesigned rear engine cowling to improve engine cooling and reduce cabin noise. Gross weight was 3,900 lb (1,800 kg). [13] [14] A total of 197 built; 2 prototypes and 195 production aircraft (102 in 1963 and 93 in 1964). [15] [16] 337 Super Skymaster
The earliest known examples of "push-pull" engined-layout aircraft was the Short Tandem Twin.. An early pre-World War I example of a "push-pull" aircraft was the Caproni Ca.1 of 1914 which had two wing-mounted tractor propellers and one centre-mounted pusher propeller.
The Kyūshū J7W Shinden (震電, "Magnificent Lightning") is a World War II Japanese prototype, propeller-driven fighter plane with wings at the rear of the fuselage, a nose-mounted canard, and a pusher engine.
The fractional aircraft operator Avantair was Piaggio's largest client, with a fleet of 57 Avanti aircraft, [28] before they went bankrupt and the fleet was liquidated. [77] [78] In May 2017, 220 aircraft were in operation around the world, [79] with 89 being first-generation Avanti, 126 second-generation Avanti II and 6 Avanti EVO models. [80]
A 6-bladed Hamilton Standard 568F propeller on an ATR 72 short-haul airliner. Lowry [27] quotes a propeller efficiency of about 73.5% at cruise for a Cessna 172.This is derived from his "Bootstrap approach" for analyzing the performance of light general aviation aircraft using fixed pitch or constant speed propellers.