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Prednisone is a synthetic glucocorticoid used for its anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. [36] [37] Prednisone is a prodrug; it is metabolised in the liver by 11-β-HSD to prednisolone, the active drug. Prednisone has no substantial biological effects until converted via hepatic metabolism to prednisolone. [38]
Large dosage variations in the patient's medication (including a self-increased dosage from 10 mg/day to as much as 100 mg/day for at least 3 months) produced extreme behavioral changes, from missed appointments to physical altercations, and eventually admission to a psychiatric ward and later to a locked Alzheimer facility.
Close association between prescribing physicians and pharmacies, along with the computerization of prescriptions and patients' medical histories, aim to avoid the occurrence of dangerous drug interactions. Lists of contraindications for a drug are usually provided with it, either in monographs, package inserts (accompanying prescribed ...
Symptoms of overdose may include altered mental status with psychosis, burning or itching skin, seizures, deafness, depression, dry skin, heart rhythm disturbances, hypertension, increase appetite, increased infection risk, muscle weakness, nausea and vomiting, nervousness, sleepiness, stopping of menstrual cycle, swelling in lower legs, weak bones, weakness, and worsening of health conditions.
Drug overdose was the leading cause of injury death in 2013. Among people 25 to 64 years old, drug overdose caused more deaths than motor vehicle traffic crashes. There were 43,982 drug overdose deaths in the United States in 2013. Of these, 22,767 (51.8%) were related to prescription drugs. [33]
Methylprednisolone (Depo-Medrol, Medrol, Solu-Medrol) is a synthetic glucocorticoid, primarily prescribed for its anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. [4] [5] [6] It is either used at low doses for chronic illnesses or used concomitantly at high doses during acute flares.
[7] [8] [6] It differs from the similarly named prednisone in having a hydroxyl at the 11th carbon instead of a ketone. Common side effects with short-term use include nausea, difficulty concentrating, insomnia, increased appetite, and fatigue. [5] More severe side effects include psychiatric problems, which may occur in about 5% of people. [9]
In general, use a potent preparation short term and weaker preparation for maintenance between flare-ups. While there is no proven best benefit-to-risk ratio, [11] if prolonged use of a topical steroid on a skin surface is required, a pulse therapy should be undertaken.