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Aquatic plants require special adaptations for prolonged inundation in water, and for floating at the water surface. The most common adaptation is the presence of lightweight internal packing cells, aerenchyma , but floating leaves and finely dissected leaves are also common.
Water hyacinth is a free-floating perennial aquatic plant (or hydrophyte) native to tropical and subtropical South America. With broad, thick, glossy, ovate leaves, water hyacinth may rise above the surface of the water as much as 1 m (3 ft) in height.
Salvinia natans has two nickel-sized leaves lying flat against the surface of the water, and a third submerged leaf which functions as a root. Flotation is made possible by pouches of air within the leaves. Cuticular papillae on the leaves' surface keep water from interfering with the leaves' functioning, and serve to protect them from decay ...
Azolla filiculoides (red azolla) is the only member of the family Azollaceae found in Tasmania, where it is a common native aquatic plant. It is often found behind farm dams and other still waterbodies. The plants are small (usually only a few cm across) and float, but they are fast growing, and can be abundant and form large mats.
These plants have a simple structure, lacking an obvious stem or leaves. The greater part of each plant is a small organized "thallus" or "frond" structure only a few cells thick, often with air pockets that allow it to float on or just under the water surface. Depending on the species, each plant may have no root or may have one or more simple ...
Wolffia is a genus of aquatic plants with a cosmopolitan distribution. [1] They include the smallest flowering plants on Earth. [2] Commonly called watermeal or rootless duckweed, [3] [4] these aquatic plants resemble specks of cornmeal floating on the water.
Nymphoides peltata (syn. Villarsia nymphaeoides, Limnanthemum peltatum S.G. Gmel., Nymphoides nymphaeoides (L.) Britton, fringed water lily, yellow floating heart, floating heart, water fringe, entire marshwort) is perennial, rooted aquatic plant with floating leaves of the family Menyanthaceae.
The leaves are sessile and are cordate-orbicular (heart shaped), the leaf surface forms a pocket on each side of the midrib that traps air and helps plants float on the water. [12] Plants produce 2–4 small white polymerous actinomorphic unisexual flowers on a cyme inflorescence and are nearly 1.5 mm long. [11]