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Calcium channel blockers (CCB), calcium channel antagonists or calcium antagonists [2] are a group of medications that disrupt the movement of calcium (Ca 2+) through calcium channels. [3] Calcium channel blockers are used as antihypertensive drugs, i.e., as medications to decrease blood pressure in patients with hypertension.
Compared with certain other L-type calcium channel blockers (for example those of the phenylalkylamine class such as verapamil) that have significant action at the heart, the dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers lower blood pressure mainly by relaxing the smooth muscle of the blood vessel walls. [3]
Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) preferentially block the L-type voltage-gated calcium channels to prevent the flow of calcium influx in the blood vessels and the heart, thereby reducing peripheral vascular resistance and cardiac output respectively. [10] Dihydropyridines (DHP): amlodipine, nifedipine, felodipine, nicardipine
ATC code C08 Calcium channel blockers is a therapeutic subgroup of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System, a system of alphanumeric codes developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the classification of drugs and other medical products. [1] [2] [3] Subgroup C08 is part of the anatomical group C Cardiovascular system ...
While some studies recommend the administration of certain agents, others underline the possible adverse effects on fetal development. In general, a-methyldopa, β-blockers and calcium channel blockers are the first or second treatment line for hypertension during pregnancy.
Lercanidipine (trade name Zanidip, among others) is an antihypertensive (blood pressure lowering) drug. It belongs to the dihydropyridine class of calcium channel blockers, which work by relaxing and opening the blood vessels allowing the blood to circulate more freely around the body.
Cinnarizine is an antihistamine and calcium channel blocker of the diphenylmethylpiperazine group. [5] It is prescribed for nausea and vomiting due to motion sickness [6] or other sources such as chemotherapy, [7] vertigo, [8] or Ménière's disease. [9] Cinnarizine is one of the leading causes of drug-induced parkinsonism. [5]
Studies have shown that the intrathecal injection of the calcium channel inhibitor ziconotide, to block the N-type calcium channels, have produced alleviation of intractable pain. [12] Blockade of the N-type calcium channel is a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of alcoholism. Because prolonged alcohol exposure over time has been ...