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  2. Bentonite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bentonite

    Sodium bentonite is the more valuable but calcium bentonite is more common. [7] In stratigraphy and tephrochronology , completely devitrified (weathered volcanic glass) ash-fall beds are sometimes also referred to as "K-bentonites" (the illitized clay rock) when the dominant clay species is illite (a non-swelling clay). [ 9 ]

  3. List of countries by bentonite production - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by...

    Bentonite usually forms from weathering of volcanic ash, most often in the presence of water. However, the term bentonite, as well as a similar clay called tonstein, have been used for clay beds of uncertain origin. For industrial purposes, two main classes of bentonite exist: sodium bentonite and calcium bentonite.

  4. Fuller's earth - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuller's_earth

    In some localities fuller's earth refers to calcium bentonite, which is altered volcanic ash composed mostly of montmorillonite. [2] [7] In 2005, the United States was the largest producer of fuller's earth with an almost 70% world share followed at a distance by Japan and Mexico.

  5. Drilling fluid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drilling_fluid

    Caustic (sodium hydroxide), anhydrous lime, soda ash, bentonite, baryte and polymers are the most common chemicals used in water-based drilling fluids. Oil Base Mud and synthetic drilling fluids can contain high levels of benzene, and other chemicals Most common chemicals added to OBM Muds: Baryte; Bentonite; Diesel; Emulsifiers; Water

  6. List of desiccants - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_desiccants

    List of desiccants: [1]. Activated alumina; Aerogel; Benzophenone (as anion); Bentonite clay; Calcium chloride; Calcium hydride; Calcium oxide; Calcium sulfate ...

  7. Montmorillonite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonite

    The presence of sodium as the predominant exchangeable cation can result in the clay swelling to several times its original volume. Hence, sodium montmorillonite has come to be used as the major constituent in nonexplosive agents for splitting rock in natural stone quarries in an effort to limit the amount of waste, or for the demolition of ...