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The significance of chemotaxis in biology and clinical pathology was widely accepted in the 1930s, and the most fundamental definitions underlying the phenomenon were drafted by this time. [by whom?] The most important aspects in quality control of chemotaxis assays were described by H. Harris in the 1950s. [12]
Chemotaxis assays are experimental tools for evaluation of chemotactic ability of prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells. A wide variety of techniques have been developed. A wide variety of techniques have been developed.
Chemotaxis is described in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, but signalling mechanisms (receptors, intracellular signaling) and effectors are significantly different. Durotaxis is the directional movement of a cell along a stiffness gradient. Electrotaxis (or galvanotaxis) is the directional movement of motile cells along the vector of an ...
In general terms, chemotaxis is a biological process where living entities, such as cells or organisms, detect, maneuver, and react in response to a chemical signal in their environment. [1] Such a phenomenon is critical for many biological processes, including but not limited to wound healing, detection of food, and avoidance of many toxins. [2]
These cellular movements can be directed by external stimuli, a phenomenon known as taxis. Examples include chemotaxis (movement along chemical gradients) and phototaxis (movement in response to light). Motility also includes physiological processes like gastrointestinal movements and peristalsis.
The methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins (MCP, also aspartate receptor) are a family of transmembrane receptors that mediate chemotactic response in certain enteric bacteria, such as Salmonella enterica enterica and Escherichia coli. [3]
The diverse feature of the chemotaxis receptors and ligands provides the possibility to select chemotactic responder cells with a simple chemotaxis assay. By chemotactic selection we can determine whether a still not characterized molecule acts via the long- or the short-term receptor pathway.
Chemotaxis hinges on the stochastic binding/unbinding of molecules with surface receptors, the transduction of this information through an intracellular signaling cascade, and the activation and control of flagellar motors. The intrinsic randomness of these processes is a central challenge that cells must deal with in order to navigate ...