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Malnutrition is referred to as deficiencies or excesses in nutrient intake, imbalance of essential nutrients, or impaired nutrient utilization. [3] Nigeria, with the biggest economy in Africa is yet to make a breakthrough in the malnutrition problem facing millions of its citizens, especially children. [ 4 ]
Protein–energy undernutrition affects children the most because they have less protein intake. [ further explanation needed ] The few rare cases found in the developed world are almost entirely found in small children as a result of fad diets , or ignorance of the nutritional needs of children, particularly in cases of milk allergy .
Kwashiorkor is a type of severe acute malnutrition (SAM). SAM is a category, composed of two conditions: marasmus and kwashiorkor. [9] Both kwashiorkor and marasmus fall under the umbrella of protein–energy malnutrition (PEM). [10]
Protein-Energy Malnutrition (PEM) is another form of malnutrition that affects children. PEM can appear as conditions called marasmus, kwashiorkor, and an intermediate state of marasmus-kwashiorkor. Although malnutrition can have severe and lasting health effects on women and children, they are still susceptible to other water-related dangers. [10]
Malnutrition occurs when an organism gets too few or too many nutrients, resulting in health problems. [11] [12] Specifically, it is a deficiency, excess, or imbalance of energy, protein and other nutrients which adversely affects the body's tissues and form. [13] Malnutrition is a category of diseases that includes undernutrition and ...
Another factor that contributes to malnutrition is conflict. [33] Conflict can lead to uncertainty in resources, which puts them at a higher risk of malnutrition. [33] In addition, the areas in Africa with the highest rates of malnutrition also experience poverty which impact and limit the supply of food and necessary services. [33]
Anemia of Protein-Energy Malnutrition [ edit ] As explained before, hemoglobin is a protein which means that its production requires adequate and enough intake of protein from the diet, but in case of protein-energy malnutrition, hemoglobin will not be produced sufficiently leading to anemia. [ 1 ]
The global percentage of stunted growth decreased from 33% to 22.3% between 2000 and 2022. [13] [14] The largest drop took place in Asia, from 37.1% in 2000 to 28.2% in 2012 and 22.3% in 2022. [13] Despite global progress, the prevalence of child stunting was greater than 30 percent in 28 countries in 2022 (most of which in sub-Saharan Africa ...