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An example of North Korean standard language as spoken by the translator and Kim Jong Un at the 2018 North Korea–United States Singapore Summit. North Korean standard language or Munhwaŏ (Korean: 문화어; Hancha: 文化語; lit. "cultural language") is the North Korean standard version of the Korean language. Munhwaŏ was adopted as the ...
In 1954, North Korea set out the rules for Korean orthography (Korean: 조선어 철자법; MR: Chosŏnŏ Ch'ŏlchapŏp).Although this was only a minor revision in orthography that created little difference from that used in the South, from then on, the standard languages in the North and the South gradually differed more and more from each other.
South Korean authors claim that the standard language (pyojun-eo or pyojun-mal) of both South Korea and North Korea is based on the dialect of the area around Seoul (which, as Hanyang, was the capital of Joseon-era Korea for 500 years), but since 1966, North Korea officially states that its standard is based on the Pyongyang speech.
KPS 9566 ("DPRK Standard Korean Graphic Character Set for Information Interchange") [2] is a North Korean standard specifying a character encoding for the Chosŏn'gŭl (Hangul) writing system used for the Korean language. The edition of 1997 specified an ISO 2022-compliant 94×94 two-byte coded character set.
North Koreans refer to their Pyongan dialect as munhwaŏ ("cultured language") as opposed to the dialects of South Korea, especially the Seoul dialect or p'yojun'ŏ ("standard language"), which are viewed as decadent because of its use of loanwords from Chinese and European languages (particularly English).
Many loanwords have been purged from the North Korean standard, while South Korea has expanded Sino-Korean vocabulary and adopted loanwords, especially from English. [20] [21] Nonetheless, due to its origin in the Seoul dialect, the North Korean standard language is easily intelligible to all South Koreans. [18] [22]
In North Korea, the adopting proclamation stated that the language spoken in the capital of Pyongyang should serve as the basis for the North Korean standard language (Munhwaŏ, 'cultured language'). However, in Guidelines on the Juche-Oriented Development of the Korean Language, Kim Il Sung clarified that “Pyongyang speech is neither a ...
In modern Korean, the South Korean standard language recognizes the initial sound rule except for a few conditions. While the North Korean standard language briefly adhered to the initial sound rule, it soon abandoned it. North Korea does not adhere to the rule today except in a few cases, and instead uses the earlier spellings of the Sino ...