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TNT equivalent is a convention for expressing energy, typically used to describe the energy released in an explosion. The ton of TNT is a unit of energy defined by convention to be 4.184 gigajoules ( 1 gigacalorie ), [ 1 ] which is the approximate energy released in the detonation of a metric ton (1,000 kilograms) of TNT .
The velocity of detonation is an important indicator for overall energy and power of detonation, and in particular for the brisance or shattering effect of an explosive which is due to the detonation pressure. The pressure can be calculated using Chapman-Jouguet theory from the velocity and density.
Small explosive charges, where the explosive's diameter is not significantly larger than its thickness, have reduced effectiveness as gas and energy are lost to the sides. [ 1 ] This loss is empirically modeled as reducing the effective explosive charge mass C to an effective value C eff which is the volume of explosives contained within a 60 ...
Metallic hydrogen (recombination energy) 216 [2] Specific orbital energy of Low Earth orbit (approximate) 33.0: Beryllium + Oxygen: 23.9 [3] Lithium + Fluorine: 23.75 [citation needed] Octaazacubane potential explosive: 22.9 [4] Hydrogen + Oxygen: 13.4 [5] Gasoline + Oxygen –> Derived from Gasoline: 13.3 [citation needed] Dinitroacetylene ...
Log–log plot comparing the yield (in kilotonnes) and mass (in kilograms) of various nuclear weapons developed by the United States.. The explosive yield of a nuclear weapon is the amount of energy released such as blast, thermal, and nuclear radiation, when that particular nuclear weapon is detonated, usually expressed as a TNT equivalent (the standardized equivalent mass of trinitrotoluene ...
Then, because of the conversion of energy to work in the constant pressure case, Q mv = Q mp + W. from which the value of Q mv may be determined. Subsequently, the potential of a mole of an explosive may be calculated. Using this value, the potential for any other weight of explosive may be determined by simple proportion.
Explosive velocities are always higher than the local speed of sound in the material. If the explosive is confined before detonation, such as in an artillery shell, the force produced is focused on a much smaller area, and the pressure is significantly intensified. This results in an explosive velocity that is higher than if the explosive had ...
21 500 kilotons of TNT-equivalent energy (≈ 21 Mt) [note 4] 2 630 000 000 litres or 695 000 000 US gallons of automotive gasoline; Any time energy is released, the process can be evaluated from an E = mc 2 perspective. For instance, the "gadget"-style bomb used in the Trinity test and the bombing of Nagasaki had an explosive yield equivalent ...