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Nez Perce baby in cradleboard, 1911. Their name for themselves is nimíipuu (pronounced ), meaning, "we, the people", in their language, part of the Sahaptin family. [23]Nez Percé is an exonym given by French Canadian fur traders who visited the area regularly in the late 18th century, meaning literally "pierced nose".
At the time, the term "Nez Percé", French for pierced nose, was used more broadly than today, and included the Walla Walla in its scope in English usage. [2] Fort Nez Perce was renamed to Fort Walla Walla when it was acquired in 1821 by Hudson's Bay Company (HBC). [3] It was located west of the present city.
The Nez Perce (Nee-Me-Poo) National Historic Trail follows the route taken by a large group of people of the Nez Perce tribe in 1877 to avoid being forced onto a reservation. The 1,170-mile (1,883 km) trail was created in 1986 as part of the National Trails System Act and is managed by the U.S. Forest Service .
In 1855, the Nez Perce signed a treaty with the United States that established the boundaries of a reservation encompassing much of their traditional lands. [1] In 1863, however, following the discovery of gold within the reservation, the U.S. government imposed a new treaty on the Nez Perce, reducing the size of the reservation by almost 90%. [2]
The Nez Perce "had never before seen white men", and "proved to be the most helpful of the tribes which the explorers encountered in their travels". [4] By September 22, 1805, Lewis and the rest of the expedition arrived at Weippe Prairie. Lewis and Clark met many of the Nez Perce chiefs, including Twisted Hair, the leader of the encampment.
The Nez Perce National Historic Park does not follow the format of most national parks, in that it is composed of dozens of sites spread over four states. The 38 sites are linked by the history of the Nez Perce people, rather than by geographic location. [ 11 ]
The Chief Joseph Trail Ride is an annual horse trail ride that follows the route the Nimiipuu (Nez Perce) took during the Nez Perce War in 1877. The trail in its entirety is 1,300 miles long, separated into thirteen separate rides, which take place sequentially. [1] The ride is on a 13-year cycle.
In Joseph, Oregon, where Alvin and Betty owned a ranch and hosted a camp for Nez Perce children, [3] their legacy is well remembered. The Josephy Center for Arts and Culture was founded in his name. Included in the Center is the Alvin M. and Betty Josephy Library of Western History and Culture , which holds much of Josephy's personal collection ...