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Reflections on Gandhi" was Orwell's last published essay. [14] [15] In "Reflections", Orwell draws on points he had previously made in a review of Louis Fischer's Gandhi and Stalin (1947), on the question of Gandhi's perspective on the Holocaust and the possible efficacy of Gandhian tactics in a society like that of the Soviet Union. [16]
Louis Fischer (29 February 1896 – 15 January 1970) was an American journalist. Among his works were a contribution to the ex-communist treatise The God that Failed (1949), The Life of Mahatma Gandhi (1950), basis for the Academy Award-winning film Gandhi (1982), as well as a Life of Lenin, which won the 1965 National Book Award in History and Biography.
In his essay "Reflections on Gandhi" (1949), George Orwell argued that the autobiography made clear Gandhi's "natural physical courage", which he saw as later confirmed by the circumstances of his assassination; his lack of feelings of envy, inferiority, or suspiciousness, the last of which Orwell thought was common to Indian people; and his ...
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi [c] (2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948) [2] was an Indian lawyer, anti-colonial nationalist, and political ethicist who employed nonviolent resistance to lead the successful campaign for India's independence from British rule. He inspired movements for civil rights and freedom across the world.
The KGB carefully cultivated a close relationship with Indira Gandhi, surrounding her with male admirers during her 1953 visit to the Soviet Union. The KGB planted false stories against Gandhi's political opponents. And in 1969 encouraged the Indian communist parties to support Gandhi against her rivals in the Congress party.
The first Stalin cultural center opened in 2016, in the western Russian city of Penza, with the support of local Communists — but not Russian President Vladimir Putin’s United Russia party.
Gandhi with poet Rabindranath Tagore, 1940.. Gandhi grew up in a Hindu and Jain religious atmosphere in his native Gujarat, which were his primary influences, but he was also influenced by his personal reflections and literature of Hindu Bhakti saints, Advaita Vedanta, Islam, Buddhism, Christianity, and thinkers such as Tolstoy, Ruskin and Thoreau.
Indira Gandhi has also been described as having a cult of personality during her administration. [67] Following India's victory in the 1971 Indo-Pak war, Gandhi was hailed by many as a manifestation of the Hindu goddess Durga. [68] In that year, Gandhi nominated herself as a recipient for the Bharat Ratna, the