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A polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) is a class of organic compounds that is composed of multiple aromatic rings. The simplest representative is naphthalene , having two aromatic rings, and the three-ring compounds anthracene and phenanthrene .
Structural Formulas of Selected Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs). The arrows indicate bay regions. Top of Page. Synonyms. PAHs are known by several names: polycyclic organic matter (POM), polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, polynuclear aromatics (PNAs), and; polynuclear hydrocarbons.
This Public Health Statement is the summary chapter from the Toxicological Profile for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). It is one in a series of Public Health Statements about hazardous substances and their health effects.
PAHs are a class of organic compounds produced by incomplete combustion or high-pressure processes. PAHs form when complex organic substances are exposed to high temperatures or pressures. Often, PAHs consist of three or more fused benzene rings containing only carbon and hydrogen (Figure 1).
The primary purpose of this chapter is to provide public health officials, physicians, toxicologists, and other interested individuals and groups with an overall perspective of the toxicology of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of organic compounds composed of two or more aromatic rings of carbon and hydrogen atoms. These compounds are produced through incomplete combustion of organic materials and are commonly emitted from various sources, including flue gas from industrial processes and vehicle exhaust (Napier et al. 2008).
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of chemicals that occur naturally in coal, crude oil, and gasoline. They also are produced when coal, oil, gas, wood, garbage, and tobacco are burned. PAHs generated from these sources can bind to or form small particles in the air.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) derivatives constitute a significant class of emerging contaminants that have been ubiquitously detected in diverse environmental matrixes, with some even exhibiting higher toxicities than their corresponding parent PAHs.
Key Points. PAHs generally have a low degree of acute toxicity to humans. The most significant endpoint of PAH toxicity is cancer. Increased incidences of lung, skin, and bladder cancers are associated with occupational exposure to PAHs. Data for other sites is much less persuasive.
As their name indicates, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are aromatic hydrocarbons which contain more than one benzenoid (i.e., benzene-like) ring. This section deals only with those compounds in which the benzenoid rings are fused together; in other words, compounds in which at least one carbon-carbon bond is common to two aromatic rings.