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The cause of pericarditis often remains unknown but is believed to be most often due to a viral infection. [ 4 ] [ 8 ] Other causes include bacterial infections such as tuberculosis , uremic pericarditis , heart attack , cancer , autoimmune disorders , and chest trauma .
An ECG showing pericarditis. Note the ST elevation in multiple leads with slight reciprocal ST depression in aVR. Acute pericarditis is a type of pericarditis (inflammation of the sac surrounding the heart, the pericardium) usually lasting less than 4 to 6 weeks. [1] It is the most common condition affecting the pericardium.
Purulent Pericarditis; Echocardiogram showing pericardial effusion with signs of cardiac tamponade: Specialty: Cardiology: Symptoms: substernal chest pain (exacerbated supine and with breathing deeply), dyspnea, fever, rigors/chills, and cardiorespiratory signs (i.e., tachycardia, friction rub, pulsus paradoxus, pericardial effusion, cardiac tamponade, pleural effusion)
The cause of constrictive pericarditis in the developing world are idiopathic in origin, though likely infectious in nature. In regions where tuberculosis is common, it is the cause in a large portion of cases. [3] Causes of constrictive pericarditis include: Tuberculosis [4] Incomplete drainage of purulent pericarditis [4] Fungal and parasitic ...
Pathology. Uremic pericarditis is associated with azotemia, and occurs in about 6-10% of kidney failure patients. BUN is normally >60 mg/dL (normal is 7–20 mg/dL). However, the degree of pericarditis does not correlate with the degree of serum BUN or creatinine elevation. The pathogenesis is poorly understood. [2]
Cardiac tamponade, also known as pericardial tamponade (/ ˌtæm.pəˈneɪd / [ 4 ]), is a compression of the heart due to pericardial effusion (the build-up of pericardial fluid in the sac around the heart). [ 2 ] Onset may be rapid or gradual. [ 2 ] Symptoms typically include those of obstructive shock including shortness of breath, weakness ...
This causes a type of shock, called obstructive shock, which can lead to organ damage. [6] Non-cardiac symptoms may also present due to the enlarging pericardial effusion compressing nearby structures. Some examples are nausea and abdominal fullness, dysphagia and hiccups, due to compression of stomach, esophagus, and phrenic nerve respectively ...
constrictive pericarditis. In medicine, Friedreich's sign is the exaggerated drop in diastolic central venous pressure seen in constrictive pericarditis (particularly with a stiff calcified pericardium) and manifested as abrupt collapse of the neck veins or marked descent of the central venous pressure waveform. The normal jugular venous ...