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Monosaccharide nomenclature is the naming system of the building blocks of carbohydrates, the monosaccharides, which may be monomers or part of a larger polymer. Monosaccharides are subunits that cannot be further hydrolysed in to simpler units.
These specific monosaccharide names have conventional three-letter abbreviations, like "Glu" for glucose and "Thr" for threose. Generally, a monosaccharide with n asymmetrical carbons has 2 n stereoisomers. The number of open chain stereoisomers for an aldose monosaccharide is larger by one than that of a ketose monosaccharide of the same length.
Monosaccharide color code in the Symbol Nomenclature For Glycans (SNFG) The Symbol Nomenclature For Glycans ( SNFG ) [ 1 ] is a community-curated standard for the depiction of simple monosaccharides and complex carbohydrates ( glycans ) using various colored-coded, geometric shapes, along with defined text additions.
An oligosaccharide has both a reducing and a non-reducing end. The reducing end of an oligosaccharide is the monosaccharide residue with hemiacetal functionality, thereby capable of reducing the Tollens’ reagent, while the non-reducing end is the monosaccharide residue in acetal form, thus incapable of reducing the Tollens’ reagent. [2]
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 19 January 2025. Sweet-tasting, water-soluble carbohydrates This article is about the class of sweet-flavored substances used as food. For common table sugar, see Sucrose. For other uses, see Sugar (disambiguation). Sugars (clockwise from top-left): white refined, unrefined, brown, unprocessed cane Sugar ...
Glyceraldehyde (glyceral) is a triose monosaccharide with chemical formula C 3 H 6 O 3. It is the simplest of all common aldoses . It is a sweet , colorless, crystalline solid that is an intermediate compound in carbohydrate metabolism .
Glycan nomenclature is the systematic naming of glycans, which are carbohydrate-based polymers made by all living organisms. In general glycans can be represented in (i) text formats, these include commonly used CarbBank, IUPAC name, and several other types; and (ii) symbol formats, these are consisting of Symbol Nomenclature For Glycans and Oxford Notations.
Threose is a four-carbon monosaccharide with molecular formula C 4 H 8 O 4. It has a terminal aldehyde group rather than a ketone in its linear chain, and so is considered part of the aldose family of monosaccharides .