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Chlorine monoxide is a chemical radical with the chemical formula ClO •. It plays an important role in the process of ozone depletion. In the stratosphere, chlorine atoms react with ozone molecules to form chlorine monoxide and oxygen. Cl • + O 3 → ClO • + O 2. This reaction causes the depletion of the ozone layer. [1]
The structure of dichlorine monoxide is similar to that of water and hypochlorous acid, with the molecule adopting a bent molecular geometry (due to the lone pairs on the oxygen atom) and resulting in C 2V molecular symmetry. The bond angle is slightly larger than normal, likely due to steric repulsion between the bulky chlorine atoms.
[1] [2] [3] Introduced by Gilbert N. Lewis in his 1916 article The Atom and the Molecule, a Lewis structure can be drawn for any covalently bonded molecule, as well as coordination compounds. [4] Lewis structures extend the concept of the electron dot diagram by adding lines between atoms to represent shared pairs in a chemical bond.
Chlorine and oxygen can bond in a number of ways: chlorine monoxide radical, ClO•, chlorine (II) oxide radical; chloroperoxyl radical, ClOO•, chlorine (II) peroxide radical; chlorine dioxide, ClO 2, chlorine (IV) oxide; chlorine trioxide radical, ClO 3 •, chlorine (VI) oxide radical; chlorine tetroxide radical, ClO 4 •, chlorine (VII ...
In chemistry, hypochlorite, or chloroxide is an anion with the chemical formula ClO −.It combines with a number of cations to form hypochlorite salts. Common examples include sodium hypochlorite (household bleach) and calcium hypochlorite (a component of bleaching powder, swimming pool "chlorine"). [1]
It is used for classifying compounds and for explaining or predicting their electronic structure and bonding. [1] Many rules in chemistry rely on electron-counting: Octet rule is used with Lewis structures for main group elements , especially the lighter ones such as carbon , nitrogen , and oxygen ,
Carbon and each oxygen atom will have a 2s atomic orbital and a 2p atomic orbital, where the p orbital is divided into p x, p y, and p z. With these derived atomic orbitals, symmetry labels are deduced with respect to rotation about the principal axis which generates a phase change, pi bond ( π ) [ 26 ] or generates no phase change, known as a ...
In chemistry, bond order is a formal measure of the multiplicity of a covalent bond between two atoms. As introduced by Gerhard Herzberg, [1] building off of work by R. S. Mulliken and Friedrich Hund, bond order is defined as the difference between the numbers of electron pairs in bonding and antibonding molecular orbitals.