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Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our Decisions is a 2008 book by Dan Ariely, in which he challenges readers' assumptions about making decisions based on rational thought. Ariely explains, "My goal, by the end of this book, is to help you fundamentally rethink what makes you and the people around you tick.
The tendency to judge a decision by its eventual outcome instead of the quality of the decision at the time it was made. Pessimism bias: The tendency for some people, especially those with depression, to overestimate the likelihood of negative things happening to them. (compare optimism bias) Present bias
Decision uncertainty, positive performance trend information, and expressed preference for initial decision have been found to have positive relationships. [ 9 ] High costs of ending a project or changing its course, potential financial gain upon completion, and extensive structure can factor in to escalation of commitment, making it difficult ...
A hidden profile is a paradigm that occurs in the process of group decision making.It is found in a situation when part of some information is shared among group members (i.e. all members possess this information prior to discussion), whereas other pieces of information are unshared (i.e. information known to only one member prior to discussion). [1]
The Joint-Decision Trap. Lessons From German Federalism and European Integration. Public Administration, Vol. 66, No. 2. pp. 239– 78. [1] It is understood to be a situation in which there is a tendency for government decisions to be taken at the lowest common denominator in
A continually evolving list of cognitive biases has been identified over the last six decades of research on human judgment and decision-making in cognitive science, social psychology, and behavioral economics. The study of cognitive biases has practical implications for areas including clinical judgment, entrepreneurship, finance, and management.
Anchoring is a psychological heuristic that describes the propensity to rely on the first piece of information encountered when making decisions. [ 16 ] [ 17 ] [ 18 ] According to this heuristic , individuals begin with an implicitly suggested reference point (the "anchor") and make adjustments to it to reach their estimate. [ 2 ]
Disagree and commit is a management principle that individuals are allowed to disagree while a decision is being made, but that once a decision has been made, everybody must commit to implementing the decision. Disagree and commit is a method of avoiding the consensus trap, in which the lack of consensus leads to inaction. [1] [2]