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  2. Phenylsodium - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenylsodium

    The Shorigen reaction is also used in the generation of phenylsodium, where an alkyl sodium compound is treated with benzene: [3] RNa + C 6 H 6 → RH + C 6 H 5 Na. The method can also result in the addition of a second sodium. This dimetallation occurs in the meta and para positions. The use of certain alkyl sodium compounds such as n-amyl ...

  3. Benzoic anhydride - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benzoic_anhydride

    It is usually prepared by the dehydration reaction of benzoic acid, e.g. using acetic anhydride: [3] 2 C 6 H 5 CO 2 H + (CH 3 CO) 2 O → (C 6 H 5 CO) 2 O + 2 CH 3 CO 2 H. Alternatively, sodium benzoate can be treated with benzoyl chloride. It can be produced by dehydrating benzoic acid by heating. [citation needed]

  4. Sodium benzenesulfonate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_benzenesulfonate

    Sodium benzenesulfonate is an organic compound with the formula C 6 H 5 SO 3 Na. It is white, water-soluble solid, It is produced by the neutralization benzenesulfonic acid with sodium hydroxide. It is also a common ingredient in some detergents. The compound typically crystallizes from water as the monohydrate. [1]

  5. Benzoic acid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benzoic_acid

    Benzoic acid is cheap and readily available, so the laboratory synthesis of benzoic acid is mainly practiced for its pedagogical value. It is a common undergraduate preparation. Benzoic acid can be purified by recrystallization from water because of its high solubility in hot water and poor solubility in cold water. The avoidance of organic ...

  6. Sodium benzoate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_benzoate

    Sodium benzoate also known as benzoate of soda is the sodium salt of benzoic acid, widely used as a food preservative (with an E number of E211) and a pickling agent. It appears as a white crystalline chemical with the formula C 6 H 5 COONa.

  7. Benzoin condensation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benzoin_condensation

    The reaction is catalyzed by nucleophiles such as a cyanide or an N-heterocyclic carbene (usually thiazolium salts). The reaction mechanism was proposed in 1903 by A. J. Lapworth. [7] In the first step in this reaction, the cyanide anion (as sodium cyanide) reacts with the aldehyde in a nucleophilic addition.

  8. Schotten–Baumann reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schotten–Baumann_reaction

    Schotten–Baumann reaction also refers to the conversion of acid chloride to esters. The reaction was first described in 1883 by German chemists Carl Schotten and Eugen Baumann. [1] [2] The name "Schotten–Baumann reaction conditions" often indicate the use of a two-phase solvent system, consisting of water and an organic solvent.

  9. Cannizzaro reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannizzaro_reaction

    Under ideal conditions the reaction produces 50% of both the alcohol and the carboxylic acid (it takes two aldehydes to produce one acid and one alcohol). [5] This can be economically viable if the products can be separated and both have a value; the commercial conversion of furfural into furfuryl alcohol and 2-furoic acid is an example of this ...