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Reindeer herding is conducted by individuals within some kind of cooperation, in forms such as families, districts, Sámi and Yakut villages and sovkhozy (collective farms). A person who conducts reindeer herding is called a reindeer herder and approximately 100,000 people [2] are engaged in reindeer herding today around the circumpolar North.
Reindeer herding is of central importance for the local economies of small communities in sparsely populated rural Sápmi. [239] Currently, many reindeer herders are heavily dependent on diesel fuel to provide for electric generators and snowmobile transportation, although solar photovoltaic systems can be used to reduce diesel dependency. [240]
The Dukha are one of the few remaining groups of nomadic (or semi-nomadic [3]) reindeer herders in the world. As of 2000, 30-32 households (about 180 people) remain in Tsagaanuur with their reindeer. The nomadic and settled Dukha populations total to about 500 people.
Greenpeace, reindeer herders, and Sámi organisations carried out a historic joint campaign, and in 2010, Sámi reindeer herders won some time as a result of these court cases. Industrial logging has now been pushed back from the most important forest areas either permanently or for the next 20 years, though there are still threats, such as ...
Sundrum herd (R.t. tarandus). The reindeer (caribou in North America) is a widespread and numerous species in the northern Holarctic, being present in both tundra and taiga (boreal forest). [1] Originally, the reindeer was found in Scandinavia, eastern Europe, Russia, Mongolia, and northern China north of the 50th latitude.
Siida. A siida is an organisation of humans traditionally present in Sámi societies consisting of several families of reindeer herders whose reindeer graze together. [1]: 107–109 [2] Siidas traditionally encompassed more resources than reindeer, [1]: 108 but after changes in Sámi societies over the course of the 1600s, only reindeer herders ...
Pastoralism is a form of animal husbandry where domesticated animals (known as "livestock") are released onto large vegetated outdoor lands (pastures) for grazing, historically by nomadic people who moved around with their herds. [2] The animal species involved include cattle, camels, goats, yaks, llamas, reindeer, horses, and sheep.
The Russian name "Chukchi" is derived from the Chukchi word Chauchu ("rich in reindeer"), which was used by the 'Reindeer Chukchi' to distinguish themselves from the 'Maritime Chukchi,' called Anqallyt ("the sea people"). Their name for a member of the Chukchi ethnic group as a whole is Luoravetlan (literally 'genuine person').