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  2. French drain - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_drain

    A French drain[1] (also known by other names including trench drain, blind drain, [1] rubble drain, [1] and rock drain[1]) is a trench filled with gravel or rock, or both, with or without a perforated pipe that redirects surface water and groundwater away from an area. The perforated pipe is called a weeping tile (also called a drain tile or ...

  3. Foundation (engineering) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foundation_(engineering)

    In engineering, a foundation is the element of a structure which connects it to the ground or more rarely, water (as with floating structures), transferring loads from the structure to the ground. Foundations are generally considered either shallow or deep. [ 1 ] Foundation engineering is the application of soil mechanics and rock mechanics ...

  4. Basement waterproofing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basement_waterproofing

    A common system for draining water that has penetrated a basement involves creating a channel around the perimeter of the basement alongside the foundation footers. A French drain, PVC pipe, or other drainage system is installed in the newly made channel. The installed drain is covered with new cement. The drainage system collects any water ...

  5. Sump pump - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sump_pump

    Sump pumps are used where basement flooding may otherwise happen, and to solve dampness where the water table is near or above the foundation of a structure. Sump pumps send water away from a location to any place where it is no longer problematic, such as a municipal storm drain, a dry well, or simply an open-air site downhill from the building (sometimes called "pumping to daylight").

  6. Wetted perimeter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wetted_perimeter

    Wetted perimeter. Change of wetted perimeter (blue) of trapezoidal canal as a function of angle ψ. The wetted perimeter is the perimeter of the cross sectional area that is "wet". [1] The length of line of the intersection of channel wetted surface with a cross sectional plane normal to the flow direction. The term wetted perimeter is common ...

  7. Grading (earthworks) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grading_(earthworks)

    Grading in civil engineering and landscape architectural construction is the work of ensuring a level base, or one with a specified slope, [1] for a construction work such as a foundation, the base course for a road or a railway, or landscape and garden improvements, or surface drainage. The earthworks created for such a purpose are often ...

  8. Invert level - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invert_level

    An inverted arch is a rounded structure with its crown facing in the downward position. This is a common term in structural architect drawings. [3] Invert Level is found through measuring the distance from the lowest level of a pipe, to a fixed datum. [4] A pipe laser, or another vertical distance measuring device is most commonly used for this.

  9. Rubble trench foundation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rubble_trench_foundation

    The rubble trench foundation, an ancient construction approach popularized by architect Frank Lloyd Wright, is a type of foundation that uses loose stone or rubble to minimize the use of concrete and improve drainage. [1] It is considered more environmentally friendly than other types of foundation because cement manufacturing requires the use ...