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A vestibular schwannoma (VS), also called acoustic neuroma, is a benign tumor that develops on the vestibulocochlear nerve that passes from the inner ear to the brain. The tumor originates when Schwann cells that form the insulating myelin sheath on the nerve malfunction.
The most common cerebellopontine angle (CPA) tumor is a vestibular schwannoma affecting cranial nerve VIII (80%), followed by meningioma (10%). The cranial nerves affected are (from most common to least common) : VIII (cochlear component), VIII (vestibular component), V Acoustic neuroma/vestibular schwannoma
Micrograph of a schwannoma, a tumor seen in neurofibromatosis type II. HPS stain. Schwannoma of the N. Vestibularis Meningiomas in a person with NFII. The so-called acoustic neuroma of NF2 is in fact a schwannoma of the nervus vestibularis, or vestibular schwannoma. The misnomer of acoustic neuroma is still often used.
These tumors are often benign but can sometimes be malignant. Common types of nerve sheath tumors include: Schwannomas: Benign tumors arising from Schwann cells, which produce the myelin sheath surrounding peripheral nerves. A common subtype is the vestibular schwannoma (acoustic neuroma). [5] They only extremely rarely become malignant. [6]
Tumours can arise in the cerebellopontine angle. Four out of five of these tumours are vestibular schwannomas (commonly known as acoustic neuromas). [3] Others found include: Arachnoid cyst; Facial nerve tumour; Lipoma; Meningioma; Schwannoma of other cranial nerves (e.g. CN V >VII>IX, X, XI) Metastasis; Intracranial epidermoid cyst
An acoustic neuroma is a schwannoma on the vestibular nerve in the brain. This nerve is involved in hearing and patients with vestibular schwannomas experience hearing loss. However, bilateral vestibular schwannomas (vestibular schwannomas on both sides of the brain) do not occur in schwannomatosis. Juvenile vestibular tumors do not occur ...
Most common of these is a vestibular schwannoma, a tumor of the vestibulocochlear nerve that may lead to tinnitus and hearing loss on the affected side. Outside the cranial nerves, schwannomas may present on the flexor surfaces of the limbs. Rare occurrences of these tumors in the penis have been documented in the literature. [5]
A vestibular schwannoma (VS) is only one type of tumor. The Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States (CBTRUS) is the primary national database of malignant and benign tumors of the brain, "other central nervous system (CNS), tumors of the pituitary and pineal glands, olfactory tumors of the nasal cavity, and brain lymphoma and leukemia."