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A cusp on the graph of a continuous function. At zero, the function is continuous but not differentiable. If f is differentiable at a point x 0, then f must also be continuous at x 0. In particular, any differentiable function must be continuous at every point in its domain. The converse does not hold: a
It is known that the zero-set of a derivative of any everywhere differentiable function (and more generally, of any Baire class one function) is a G δ subset of the real line. By definition, for any Pompeiu function, this set is a dense G δ set; therefore it is a residual set. In particular, it possesses uncountably many points.
Moreover, the fact that the set of non-differentiability points for a monotone function is measure-zero implies that the rapid oscillations of Weierstrass' function are necessary to ensure that it is nowhere-differentiable. The Weierstrass function was one of the first fractals studied, although this term was not used until much later. The ...
A function that has infinitely many derivatives is called infinitely differentiable or smooth. [34] Any polynomial function is infinitely differentiable; taking derivatives repeatedly will eventually result in a constant function, and all subsequent derivatives of that function are zero. [35] One application of higher-order derivatives is in ...
The derivative of the function at a point is the slope of the line tangent to the curve at the point. Slope of the constant function is zero, because the tangent line to the constant function is horizontal and its angle is zero. In other words, the value of the constant function, y, will not change as the value of x increases or decreases.
Product rule: For two differentiable functions f and g, () = +. An operation d with these two properties is known in abstract algebra as a derivation . They imply the power rule d ( f n ) = n f n − 1 d f {\displaystyle d(f^{n})=nf^{n-1}df} In addition, various forms of the chain rule hold, in increasing level of generality: [ 12 ]
The Taylor series of f converges uniformly to the zero function T f (x) = 0, which is analytic with all coefficients equal to zero. The function f is unequal to this Taylor series, and hence non-analytic. For any order k ∈ N and radius r > 0 there exists M k,r > 0 satisfying the remainder bound above.
The proof of the general Leibniz rule [2]: 68–69 proceeds by induction. Let and be -times differentiable functions.The base case when = claims that: ′ = ′ + ′, which is the usual product rule and is known to be true.