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In all major scales with flat key signatures, the tonic in a major key is a perfect fourth below the last flat. When there is more than one flat, the tonic is the note of the second-to-last flat in the signature. [11] In the major key with four flats (B ♭ E ♭ A ♭ D ♭), for example, the second to last flat is A ♭, indicating a key of A ...
Some keys (such as C ♯ major with seven sharps) may be written as an enharmonically equivalent key (D ♭ major with five flats in this case). In rare cases, the sharp keys may be extended further, G ♯ → D ♯ → A ♯ → E ♯ → B ♯ → F → C, requiring double sharps in the key signature: F, C, G, D, A, E, B.
When a musical key or key signature is referred to in a language other than English, that language may use the usual notation used in English (namely the letters A to G, along with translations of the words sharp, flat, major and minor in that language): languages which use the English system include Irish, Welsh, Hindi, Japanese (based on katakana in iroha order), Korean (based on hangul in ...
Its key signature has three sharps. Its relative minor is F-sharp minor and its parallel minor is A minor. The key of A major is the only key where the Neapolitan sixth chord on (i.e. the flattened supertonic) requires both a flat and a natural accidental. The A major scale is:
A key signature indicates the prevailing key of the music and eliminates the need to use accidentals for the notes that are always flat or sharp in that key. A key signature with no flats or sharps generally indicates the key of C major or A minor, but can also indicate that pitches will be notated with accidentals as required.
Double flats or sharps lower or raise or the pitch of a note by two semitones. [3] An F double sharp is a whole step above an F, making it enharmonically equivalent to a G. These alterations apply to the note as if it were a "natural", regardless of the key signature (see the F in measure 2 of the Chopin example below).
C-flat major is the home key of the harp, with all its pedals in the top position, and it is considered the most resonant key for the instrument.Thus, in Richard Strauss's Ein Heldenleben, the first cue for the harps is written in C-flat major even though the rest of the orchestra, having previously played in E-flat major, retains a 3-flat key signature and is now playing in B major, marked ...
The circular arrangement depends on enharmonic relationships in the circle, usually reckoned at six sharps or flats for the major keys of F ♯ = G ♭ and D ♯ = E ♭ for minor keys. [3] Seven sharps or flats make major keys (C ♯ major or C ♭ major) that may be more conveniently spelled with five flats or sharps (as D ♭ major or B major).