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Authorization bills are part of an authorization-appropriation process created by House and Senate rules governing spending. [6] The spending process has two steps. First, an authorization bill is enacted. Authorization bills "may create or continue an agency, program, or activity as well as authorize the subsequent enactment of appropriations."
The United States federal budget is divided into three categories: mandatory spending, discretionary spending, and interest on debt. Also known as entitlement spending, in US fiscal policy, mandatory spending is government spending on certain programs that are required by law. [1] Congress established mandatory programs under authorization laws.
An appropriation bill is used for actually providing money for "discretionary" programs. Appropriations are generally done on an annual basis, but multi-year appropriations are occasionally passed. According to the US Constitution (Article I, Section 8, clause 12), Army appropriations cannot be for more than two years at a time. An annual ...
Supplemental appropriations bills may be used for areas of sudden need, such as disaster relief. Appropriations bills are one part of a larger United States budget and spending process. They are preceded in that process by the president's budget proposal, congressional budget resolutions, and the 302(b) allocation.
An authorization bill, like this one, is a type of bill used by the United States Congress. [5] It is one half of the authorization-appropriation process established by Congress to fund the federal government and its various programs. The process provides for two separate types of measures—authorization measures and appropriation measures ...
The National Defense Authorization Act is an annual bill proposed in the United States Congress that redefines the United States military budget for the following fiscal year. [2] [3] Each chamber of Congress introduced a version of the NDAA: H.R. 2670 in the House and S. 2226 in the Senate.
The appropriations bills must be signed into the law by the President, although the budget resolution itself is not subject to his or her approval. If Congress fails to appropriate the necessary funds for the federal government, the government shuts down as a result of the Antideficiency Act . [ 7 ]
Every year, Congress must pass bills that appropriate money for all discretionary government spending. Generally, one bill is passed for each sub-committee of the twelve subcommittees in the U.S. House Committee on Appropriations and the matching 12 subcommittees in the United States Senate Committee on Appropriations.