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The black mamba (Dendroaspis polylepis) is a species of highly venomous snake belonging to the family Elapidae.It is native to parts of sub-Saharan Africa.First formally described by Albert Günther in 1864, it is the second-longest venomous snake after the king cobra; mature specimens generally exceed 2 m (6 ft 7 in) and commonly grow to 3 m (9.8 ft).
The three green species of mambas are arboreal, whereas the black mamba is largely terrestrial. All four species are active diurnal hunters, preying on birds, lizards, and small mammals. At nightfall some species, especially the terrestrial black mamba, shelter in a lair. A mamba may retain the same lair for years.
A 2016 genetic analysis showed the eastern green and black mambas are each others' closest relatives, [13] their common ancestor diverging from a lineage that gave rise to Jameson's mamba (Dendroaspis jamesoni) and the western green mamba (Dendroaspis viridis), as shown in the cladogram below.
The western green mamba (Dendroaspis viridis) is a long, thin, and highly venomous snake species of the mamba genus, Dendroaspis. This species was first described in 1844 by American herpetologist Edward Hallowell. The western green mamba is a fairly large and predominantly arboreal species, capable of navigating through trees swiftly and ...
Jameson's mamba (Dendroaspis jamesoni) is a species of highly venomous snake in the family Elapidae.The species is native to equatorial Africa.A member of the mamba genus, Dendroaspis, it is slender with dull green upper parts and cream underparts and generally ranges from 1.5 to 2.2 m (4.9 to 7.2 ft) in total length.
Acute kidney injury has been reported in a few cases of black mamba bites in humans as well as in animal models. [17] Death is due to suffocation resulting from paralysis of the respiratory muscles. [17] [42] Untreated black mamba bites have a mortality rate of 100%. [17] [43] Antivenom therapy is the mainstay of treatment for black mamba ...
Green mamba may refer to: Eastern green mamba (Dendroaspis angusticeps), an arboreal snake found in the east of southern Africa and much of East Africa; Western green mamba (Dendroaspis viridis), an arboreal snake found in the southern part of West Africa; Jameson's mamba (Dendroaspis jamesoni), an arboreal snake found mainly in Western and ...
Although black mambas cause only 0.5-1% of snakebites in South Africa, they produce the highest mortality rate and the species is responsible for many snake bite fatalities. The black mamba is the species with the highest mortality rate in every single nation in which it occurs, despite not being responsible for the most numerous snakebites.