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The role of parents in a child's development is acknowledged by attachment theory, which argues that the characteristics of the caregiver-child relationship impact future relationships. Current research indicates that parent-child relationships characterized by less affection and greater hostility may result in children developing emotional ...
In diagnosing manic episodes, it is important to compare the changes in mood and behavior to the child's normal mood and behaviors at baseline instead of to other children or adults. [6] For example, grandiosity (i.e., unrealistic overestimation of one's intelligence, talent, or abilities) is normal at varying degrees during childhood and ...
This introduced the now popular drug lithium carbonate to the mainstream public, as well as being the first mood stabilizer to be approved by the U.S. Food & Drug Administration. Besides lithium, several anticonvulsants and atypical antipsychotics have mood stabilizing activity. The mechanism of action of mood stabilizers is not well understood.
Mood stabilizers, used to treat bipolar disorder and schizoaffective disorder. Anxiolytics, used to treat anxiety disorders. Depressants, used as hypnotics, sedatives, and anesthetics, depending upon dosage. In addition, several psychoactive substances are currently employed to treat various addictions.
Alcohol abuse affects neurons in the frontal cortex that typically have a large soma, or cell body. This type of neuron is more susceptible to Alzheimer's disease and normal aging. Research is still being conducted to determine whether there is a direct link between excessive alcohol consumption and Alzheimer's disease. [8]
Antidepressants, mood stabilizers, antipsychotics [1] A mood disorder , also known as an affective disorder , is any of a group of conditions of mental and behavioral disorder [ 2 ] where the main underlying characteristic is a disturbance in the person's mood . [ 3 ]
Lithium Lithium is the "classic" mood stabilizer, the first to be approved by the US FDA, and still popular in treatment. Therapeutic drug monitoring is required to ensure lithium levels remain in the therapeutic range: 0.6 to 0.8 or 0.8–1.2 mEq/L (or millimolar).
Anticonvulsants are also increasingly being used in the treatment of bipolar disorder [2] [3] and borderline personality disorder, [4] since many seem to act as mood stabilizers, and for the treatment of neuropathic pain. [5] Anticonvulsants suppress the excessive rapid firing of neurons during seizures. [6]