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View of left entorhinal cortex (red) from beneath the brain, with front of brain at top. Artist's rendering. The superficial layers – layers II and III – of EC project to the dentate gyrus and hippocampus: Layer II projects primarily to dentate gyrus and hippocampal region CA3; layer III projects primarily to hippocampal region CA1 and the subiculum.
The entorhinal cortex (EC) is a structure in the brain located in the medial temporal lobe.The EC is composed of six distinct layers. The superficial (outer) layers, which include layers I through III, are mainly input layers that receive signals from other parts of the EC, but also project to hippocampal structures via the perforant path.
The entorhinal cortex (EC) is a major part of the hippocampal formation of the brain, and is reciprocally connected with the hippocampus. [1]The hippocampal formation, which consists of the hippocampus, perirhinal cortex, the dentate gyrus, the subicular areas and the EC forms one of the most important parts of the limbic system.
A recent hypothesis postulates that CA3 sequences are built up pair by pair during memory encoding, relying on precisely timed, phase-precessing input from the entorhinal cortex. [10] This mechanism is based on the synapses of the CA3 recurrent axon corraterals on the dendrites of the CA3 population [11] that form a complete matrix of connections.
In mice, the projection to CA1, and the subiculum all come primarily from EC layer III. [citation needed]According to Suh et al. (2011 Science 334:1415) the projection to CA3 and dentate gyrus in mice is primarily from layer II of entorhinal cortex, and forms a trisynaptic path with hippocampus (dentate gyrus to CA3 to CA1), distinguished from the direct (monosynaptic) perforant path from ...
They have also been described and studied in layers V of the entorhinal cortex, [10] [11] [12] the inferior olive in vivo, [13] the olfactory bulb [14] and the dorsal cochlear nucleus. [15] These neurons have been a major input into the cerebellum, as well, and have been found to contribute to the overall generation of movement patterns. [5]
The anterior part of the gyrus includes the perirhinal and entorhinal cortices [citation needed]. The term parahippocampal cortex is used to refer to an area that encompasses both the posterior parahippocampal gyrus and the medial portion of the fusiform gyrus [ citation needed ] .
The limbic system, also known as the paleomammalian cortex, is a set of brain structures located on both sides of the thalamus, immediately beneath the medial temporal lobe of the cerebrum primarily in the forebrain. [1] Its various components support a variety of functions including emotion, behavior, long-term memory, and olfaction. [2]