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Essential thrombocythemia is sometimes described as a slowly progressive disorder with long asymptomatic periods punctuated by thrombotic or hemorrhagic events. [15] However, well-documented medical regimens can reduce and control the number of platelets, which reduces the risk of these thrombotic or hemorrhagic events.
However, in essential thrombocythemia where platelet counts are over 750x10 9 /L or 1,000x10 9 /L, especially if there are other risk factors for thrombosis, treatment may be needed. Selective use of aspirin at low doses is thought to be protective.
Anagrelide is used to treat essential thrombocytosis, especially when the current treatment of the patient is insufficient. [4] Essential thrombocytosis patients who are suitable for anagrelide often meet one or more of the following factors: [5] [6] age over 60 years; platelet count over 1000×10 9 /L; a history of thrombosis
Hydroxycarbamide, also known as hydroxyurea, is an antimetabolite medication used in sickle-cell disease, essential thrombocythemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia, polycythemia vera, and cervical cancer. [4] [5] In sickle-cell disease it increases fetal hemoglobin and decreases the number of attacks. [4] It is taken by mouth. [4]
A third Imago-sponsored global clinical trial for the treatment of essential thrombocythemia was begun in 2020. [10] The results of this global study have also been presented at the American Society of Hematology and the European Hematology Association. A fourth trial begun in 2023 for the treatment of polycythemia vera is ongoing. [11]
Similarly, myeloproliferative disorders, in which the bone marrow produces too many blood cells, predispose to thrombosis, particularly in polycythemia vera (excess red blood cells) and essential thrombocytosis (excess platelets). Again, these conditions usually warrant specific treatment when identified. [21]