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This mechanism can be used to trap light in a waveguide. d. This is the basic principle behind fiber optics in which light is guided along a high index glass core in a lower index glass cladding. The basic principles behind optical waveguides can be described using the concepts of geometrical or ray optics, as illustrated in the diagram.
Both spatial domain methods, and frequency (spectral) domain methods are available for the numerical solution of the discretized master equation. Upon discretization into a grid, (using various centralized difference, Crank–Nicolson method, FFT-BPM etc.) and field values rearranged in a causal fashion, the field evolution is computed through iteration, along the propagation direction.
A waveguide is a structure that guides waves by restricting the transmission of energy to one direction. Common types of waveguides include acoustic waveguides which direct sound, optical waveguides which direct light, and radio-frequency waveguides which direct electromagnetic waves other than light like radio waves.
A slot-waveguide is an optical waveguide that guides strongly confined light in a subwavelength-scale low refractive index region by total internal reflection.. A slot-waveguide consists of two strips or slabs of high-refractive-index (n H) materials separated by a subwavelength-scale low-refractive-index (n S) slot region and surrounded by low-refractive-index (n C) cladding materials.
Dispersion occurs when different frequencies of light have different phase velocities, due either to material properties (material dispersion) or to the geometry of an optical waveguide (waveguide dispersion). The most familiar form of dispersion is a decrease in index of refraction with increasing wavelength, which is seen in most transparent ...
In optics, an ARROW (anti-resonant reflecting optical waveguide) is a type of waveguide that uses the principle of thin-film interference to guide light with low loss. It is formed from an anti-resonant Fabry–Pérot reflector. The optical mode is leaky, but relatively low-loss propagation can be achieved by making the Fabry–Pérot reflector ...
Coupled mode theory first arose in the 1950s in the works of Miller on microwave transmission lines, [1] Pierce on electron beams, [2] and Gould on backward wave oscillators. [3] This put in place the mathematical foundations for the modern formulation expressed by H. A. Haus et al. for optical waveguides. [4] [5]
Time-resolved simulation of a pulse reflecting from a Bragg mirror. A distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) is a reflector used in waveguides, such as optical fibers.It is a structure formed from multiple layers of alternating materials with different refractive index, or by periodic variation of some characteristic (such as height) of a dielectric waveguide, resulting in periodic variation in the ...