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Menelaus's theorem, case 1: line DEF passes inside triangle ABC. In Euclidean geometry, Menelaus's theorem, named for Menelaus of Alexandria, is a proposition about triangles in plane geometry. Suppose we have a triangle ABC, and a transversal line that crosses BC, AC, AB at points D, E, F respectively, with D, E, F distinct from A, B, C. A ...
Proposition 1.28 of Euclid's Elements, a theorem of absolute geometry (hence valid in both hyperbolic and Euclidean Geometry), proves that if the angles of a pair of corresponding angles of a transversal are congruent then the two lines are parallel (non-intersecting).
The easiest way to show this is using the Euclidean theorem (equivalent to the fifth postulate) that states that the angles of a triangle sum to two right angles. Given a line ℓ {\displaystyle \ell } and a point P not on that line, construct a line, t , perpendicular to the given one through the point P , and then a perpendicular to this ...
Euclidean geometry is a mathematical system attributed to ancient Greek mathematician Euclid, which he described in his textbook on geometry, Elements.Euclid's approach consists in assuming a small set of intuitively appealing axioms (postulates) and deducing many other propositions from these.
In Euclidean geometry, Ceva's theorem is a theorem about triangles. Given a triangle ABC , let the lines AO, BO, CO be drawn from the vertices to a common point O (not on one of the sides of ABC ), to meet opposite sides at D, E, F respectively.
This, for instance, applies to all theorems in Euclid's Elements, Book I. An example of a theorem of Euclidean geometry which cannot be so formulated is the Archimedean property: to any two positive-length line segments S 1 and S 2 there exists a natural number n such that nS 1 is longer than S 2.