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At Rome, especially, where the popes had succeeded to a share of the power and pretensions of the caesars of the West, the accumulation of ecclesiastical vestments symbolized a very special dignity: in the second quarter of the 9th century the pope, when fully vested, wore a camisia girdled, an alb (linea) girdled, an amice (anagolaium), a ...
The earliest notice of the use of the rochet is found in an 9th-century inventory of vestments of the Roman clergy. In this, it is called camisia, a name which it retained at Rome until the 14th century. It seems to have been proper to particular members of the clergy by that time.
A 14th-century mosaic (right) from the Kahriye-Cami or Chora Church in Istanbul gives an excellent view of a range of costume from the late period. From the left, there is a soldier on guard, the governor in one of the large hats worn by important officials, a middle-ranking civil servant (holding the register roll ) in a dalmatic with a wide ...
Ornate vestments which are used by the Catholic clergy: A chasuble, dalmatic, cope, and a biretta. For the Eucharist, each vestment symbolizes a spiritual dimension of the priesthood, with roots in the very origins of the Church. In some measure these vestments harken to the Roman roots of the Western Church. Use of the following vestments varies.
Augustine of Canterbury in seventh-century England and St. Boniface in eighth-century Germany fell into this category. [3] Raban Maur (left), Alcuin (middle) and Archbishop Otgar of Mainz (right), wearing the pallium. From a 9th-century manuscript. Gregory I dictating, from a 10th-century manuscript (vestments include a pallium)
The earliest group of survivals, now re-arranged and with the precious metal thread mostly picked out, are bands or borders from vestments, incorporating pearls and glass beads, with various types of scroll and animal decoration. These are probably 9th century and now in a church in Maaseik in Belgium. [8]
The crown can only be dated back to the 13th century, when it is described in a medieval poem. The poem speaks of the Waise (i.e., The Orphan ) stone, which was a big and prominent jewel on the front of the crown, probably a white opal with an exceptionally brilliant red fire, since replaced by a triangular blue sapphire .
In Rome, subdeacons had begun to wear the tunicle by the sixth century, but Pope Gregory I made them return to the use of the chasuble.They began to use the tunicle again in the ninth century, a time when it was also worn by acolytes, a custom that was widespread until the late Middle Ages and can still occasionally be found in some Anglican and Catholic churches for acolytes and crucifers.