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NMDA receptor antagonists induce a state called dissociative anesthesia, marked by catalepsy, amnesia, and analgesia. [1] Ketamine is a favored anesthetic for emergency patients with unknown medical history and in the treatment of burn victims because it depresses breathing and circulation less than other anesthetics.
[4] [5] [6] According to Pender (1972), "the state has been designated as dissociative anesthesia since the patient truly seems disassociated from his environment." [ 7 ] Both Pender (1970) and Johnstone et al. (1959) reported that patients under anaesthesia due to either ketamine or phencyclidine were prone to purposeless movements and had ...
At this time the United States military investigated it along with a wide range of possible nonlethal, psychoactive and psychotomimetic incapacitating agents including psychedelic drugs such as LSD and THC, dissociative drugs such as ketamine and phencyclidine, potent opioids such as fentanyl, as well as several glycolate anticholinergics.
The following is a list of psychedelic drugs of various chemical classes, including both naturally occurring and synthetic compounds. Serotonergic psychedelics are usually considered the "classical" psychedelics [dubious – discuss], whereas the other classes are often seen as having only secondary psychedelic properties; nonetheless all of the compounds listed here are considered ...
It is an important part of the "rodent cocktail", a mixture of drugs used for anesthetising rodents. [173] Veterinarians often use ketamine with sedative drugs to produce balanced anesthesia and analgesia, and as a constant-rate infusion to help prevent pain wind-up. Ketamine is also used to manage pain among large animals.
A dissociative drug similar to psychedelics like nitrous oxide, it makes users feel detached from their pain, as well as their environment, distorting perception of sight and sound.
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Methoxetamine (MXE) is a dissociative hallucinogen that has been sold as a designer drug. [5] [6] It differs from many dissociatives such as ketamine and phencyclidine (PCP) that were developed as pharmaceutical drugs for use as general anesthetics in that it was designed specifically to increase the antidepressant effects of ketamine.