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John Caldwell Calhoun (/ k æ l ˈ h uː n /; [1] March 18, 1782 – March 31, 1850) was an American statesman and political theorist who served as the seventh vice president of the United States from 1825 to 1832.
The best known statement of the theory of nullification during this period, authored by John C. Calhoun, was the South Carolina Exposition and Protest of 1828. Calhoun asserted that the Tariff of 1828, which favored the northern manufacturing states and harmed the southern agricultural states, was unconstitutional. Calhoun argued that each ...
The First Amendment (Amendment I) to the United States Constitution prevents Congress from making laws respecting an establishment of religion; prohibiting the free exercise of religion; or abridging the freedom of speech, the freedom of the press, the freedom of assembly, or the right to petition the government for redress of grievances.
John C. Calhoun was the only vice president to cast tie-breaking votes against his own president, Andrew Jackson. In 1832, Calhoun cast a tie-breaking vote to delay and later defeat the nomination of Martin Van Buren as United States Minister to the United Kingdom. Calhoun's supporters in the Senate allowed him to defy Jackson, where just ...
The Tariff of 1816 had some protective features, and it received support throughout the nation, including that of John C. Calhoun and fellow South Carolinian William Lowndes. [24] The first explicitly protective tariff linked to a specific program of internal improvements was the Tariff of 1824. [25]
The Disquisition was published in 1851, shortly after his death, as was its companion book, Discourse on the Constitution and Government of the United States. [ 15 ] Many Southerners believed Calhoun's warnings, contained in the Disquisition and in his many other writings and speeches, and read every political news story from the North as ...
Jan. 9—CONCORD — A key state Senate committee on Tuesday quickly endorsed enshrining New Hampshire's presidential primary in the New Hampshire Constitution, but getting the required ...
The Supreme Court ruled that symbolic speech was protected under the First Amendment in Stromberg v. California, and it ruled that prior restraint was forbidden under the First Amendment in Near v. Minnesota. [138] [139] The Twentieth Amendment was ratified in 1933, adjusting the schedule for sessions of Congress and inauguration of presidents.