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The MHINCC distinguishes among several types of factory-built housing: manufactured homes, modular homes, panelized homes, pre-cut homes, and mobile homes. From the same source, mobile home "is the term used for manufactured homes produced prior to June 15, 1976, when the HUD Code went into effect."
Modular homes are built to either local or state building codes as opposed to manufactured homes, which are also built in a factory but are governed by a federal building code. [22] The codes that govern the construction of modular homes are exactly the same codes that govern the construction of site-constructed homes.
Mobile homes are designed and constructed to be transportable by road in one or two sections. Mobile homes are no larger than 20 m × 6.8 m (65 ft 7 in × 22 ft 4 in) with an internal maximum height of 3.05 m (10 ft 0 in). Legally, mobile homes can still be defined as "caravans".
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"40 Years Ago: Manufactured Housing Construction and Safety Standards Act Passed". NLIHC Resource Library. National Low Income Housing Coalition. June 27, 2014. "Manufactured Home Builder Histories". Mobile Home Manufacturers. MobileHome.net. "Manufactured Housing and Standards". Manufactured Housing Programs.
In the U.S., mobile and manufactured houses are constructed in accordance with HUD building codes, while modular houses are constructed in accordance with the IRC (International Residential Code). Modular homes are created in sections, and then transported to the home site for construction and installation.
The magnitude and complexity of such will vary depending on the size, and overall weight of the structure. Therefore, the weight difference of a traditionally built house and a prefabricated structure will mean that foundations needed will be smaller and faster to build. Off-site manufacturing is the pinnacle of modular construction.