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Survivors of war trauma or childhood maltreatment are at increased risk for trauma-spectrum disorders [24] such as PTSD. In addition, traumatic stress has been associated with alterations in the neuroendocrine and the immune system, enhancing the risk for physical diseases. [ 25 ]
Psychopathy is a personality construct [1] consisting of affective, interpersonal, and behavioral dimensions that begins in childhood and manifests as aggressive actions in early or late adolescence. Childhood trauma affects vulnerability to different forms of psychopathology and traits associated with it.
The trauma model of mental disorders, or trauma model of psychopathology, emphasises the effects of physical, sexual and psychological trauma as key causal factors in the development of psychiatric disorders, including depression and anxiety [1] as well as psychosis, [2] whether the trauma is experienced in childhood or adulthood. It ...
Trauma is defined as an emotional response to an event that threatens physical or emotional harm, or death, and “causes horror, terror, or helplessness at the time it occurs,” according to the ...
The Treatment and Research Advancements National Association for Personality Disorders (TARA-APD) campaigned unsuccessfully to change the name and designation of BPD in DSM-5, published in May 2013, in which the name "borderline personality disorder" remains unchanged and it is not considered a trauma- and stressor-related disorder.
Childhood-onset is argued to be more due to a personality disorder caused by neurological deficits interacting with an adverse environment. For many, but not all, childhood onset is associated with what is in Terrie Moffitt's developmental theory of crime referred to as "life-course- persistent" antisocial behavior as well as poorer health and ...
As noted, childhood trauma is associated with many deleterious psychological outcomes, including affect, substance use, and personality disorders. The multifinality of trauma may be explained by moderating variables such as type, frequency, duration, severity, and/or age at time of trauma. [ 7 ]
Personality development and personality disorders causes are unknown till present day but certain factors (such as family history, abusive history, family chaotic relationships during childhood or present, differences in brain chemistry and construction) can trigger the development of personality traits.'