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Intrapartum ultrasonography is regularly used during pregnancy to constantly monitor the fetal position within the mother's belly. [6] The International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology Practice Guidelines recommend the use of intrapartum ultrasound to diagnose asynclitic births during prolonged and obstructed labors. [7]
Fetal abnormalities are conditions that affect a fetus or embryo, are able to be diagnosed prenatally, and may be fatal or cause disease after birth. They may include aneuploidies , structural abnormalities, or neoplasms.
Transvaginal scans usually provide clearer pictures during early pregnancy and in obese women. Also used is Doppler sonography which detects the heartbeat of the fetus. Doppler sonography can be used to evaluate the pulsations in the fetal heart and bloods vessels for signs of abnormalities. [5]
Fetal heart rate is continuously monitored for slow or abnormal heart rate patterns which may indicate fetal distress during labor. [7] If the exposed blood vessels are near the cervix or are at risk of rupturing, the newborn may be delivered via caesarean section as early as 35 weeks gestation.
Anatomy scan of the fetal head at 20 weeks of pregnancy in a fetus affected by spina bifida. In the axial scan the characteristic lemon sign and banana sign are seen. Anatomy scan with power bi-directional colour Doppler of both fetal kidneys at 18 weeks of pregnancy to detect renal agenesis. The videoclip shows a frontal scan with normal renal ...
In obstetrics, a cephalic presentation or head presentation or head-first presentation is a situation at childbirth where the fetus is in a longitudinal lie and the head enters the pelvis first; the most common form of cephalic presentation is the vertex presentation, where the occiput is the leading part (the part that first enters the birth canal). [1]
2. Failure to Progress: Lack of dilation or descent of the baby despite strong contractions. 3. Severe Pain: Intense pain that is disproportionate to normal labor pain. 4. Fetal Distress: Signs like abnormal heart rate patterns detected via fetal monitoring. 5. Maternal Exhaustion: Extreme fatigue in the mother due to prolonged labor. 6.
abnormal birth position; asynclitic birth (asinclitismus) abnormal fetal attitude (extensor inserting head) obstetric turn; acceleration and stimulation of birth; breech presentation; forceps and vacuum extraction [5] While any number of injuries may occur during the birthing process, a number of specific conditions are well described.