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A new draft recommendation from the U.S. Task Force says taking vitamin D supplements with or without calcium does not prevent falls or fractures in older adults. kali9/Getty Images
Common side effects include constipation and nausea. [1] When taken by mouth high blood calcium is uncommon. [1] Calcium supplements, unlike calcium from dietary sources, appear to increase the risk of kidney stones. [1] Adults generally require about a gram of calcium a day. [1] Calcium is particularly important for bones, muscles, and nerves. [1]
In addition, eating a well-balanced diet consisting of wholesome, high-quality foods that ensure an adequate dietary intake of calcium and vitamin D is central to good health, including bone ...
Older adults with calcium and magnesium deficiencies also had poorer cognitive performance compared to peers with adequate micronutrient levels, a recent study has found.
From the IOM, people of ages 9–18 years are not to exceed 3 g/day combined intake; for ages 19–50, not to exceed 2.5 g/day; for ages 51 and older, not to exceed 2 g/day. [54] EFSA set the UL for all adults at 2.5 g/day, but decided the information for children and adolescents was not sufficient to determine ULs. [55]
The US Institute of Medicine (IOM) established Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) for calcium in 1997 and updated those values in 2011. [6] See table. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) uses the term Population Reference Intake (PRIs) instead of RDAs and sets slightly different numbers: ages 4–10 800 mg, ages 11–17 1150 mg, ages 18–24 1000 mg, and >25 years 950 mg. [10]