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2. Induced pluripotent stem cell - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induced_pluripotent_stem_cell

   Human iPS cells colonies. The spindle-shaped cells in the background are mouse fibroblast cells. Only those cells comprising the center colony are human iPS cells. Induced pluripotent stem cells (also known as iPS cells or iPSCs) are a type of pluripotent stem cell that can be generated directly from a somatic cell.

3. Embryonic stem cell - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embryonic_stem_cell

   The morphology and growth factors of these lab induced pluripotent cells, are equivalent to embryonic stem cells, leading these cells to be known as induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells). [75] This observation was observed in mouse pluripotent stem cells, originally, but now can be performed in human adult fibroblasts using the same four ...

4. Stem cell - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stem_cell

   By using human embryonic stem cells to produce specialized cells like nerve cells or heart cells in the lab, scientists can gain access to adult human cells without taking tissue from patients. They can then study these specialized adult cells in detail to try to discern complications of diseases, or to study cell reactions to proposed new drugs.

5. Adult stem cell - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adult_stem_cell

   Pluripotent stem cells, i.e. cells that can give rise to any fetal or adult cell type, can be found in several tissues, including umbilical cord blood. [73] Using genetic reprogramming, pluripotent stem cells equivalent to embryonic stem cells have been derived from human adult skin tissue.

6. Embryoid body - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embryoid_body

   Embryoid bodies (EBs) are three-dimensional aggregates formed by pluripotent stem cells. These include embryonic stem cells (ESC) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) EBs are differentiation of human embryonic stem cells into embryoid bodies comprising the three embryonic germ layers. They mimic the characteristics seen in early-stage embryos.

7. James Thomson (cell biologist) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Thomson_(cell_biologist)

   James Alexander Thomson is an American developmental biologist best known for deriving the first human embryonic stem cell line in 1998 [1] and for deriving human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) in 2007. [2]