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Haemophilia (British English), or hemophilia (American English) [6] (from Ancient Greek αἷμα (haîma) 'blood' and φιλία (philía) 'love of'), [7] is a mostly inherited genetic disorder that impairs the body's ability to make blood clots, a process needed to stop bleeding.
Haemophilia B, also spelled hemophilia B, is a blood clotting disorder causing easy bruising and bleeding due to an inherited mutation of the gene for factor IX, and resulting in a deficiency of factor IX. It is less common than factor VIII deficiency (haemophilia A). [3]
A bruise, also known as a contusion, is a type of hematoma of tissue, [3] the most common cause being capillaries damaged by trauma, causing localized bleeding that extravasates into the surrounding interstitial tissues. Most bruises occur close enough to the epidermis such that the bleeding causes a visible discoloration.
Joint capsule. Haemophilia A's phenotype has a quite wide range of symptoms encompassing both internal and external bleeding episodes. Individuals with more severe haemophilia tend to experience more intense and frequent bleeding, whereas those with mild haemophilia typically exhibit milder symptoms unless subjected to surgical procedures or significant trauma.
Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is the condition of having a low platelet count (thrombocytopenia) of no known cause . Recurrent thrombosis: Hemophilia: Hemophilia A: Hemophilia B: Hemophilia C: Von Willebrand disease: Antiphospholipid syndrome: Thrombocytopenia: Glanzmann's thrombasthenia: Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome
Hemophilia C; Other names: Plasma thromboplastin antecedent (PTA) deficiency, Rosenthal syndrome: Haemophilia C caused by deficiency in Factor XI [1] Specialty: Haematology: Symptoms: Oral bleeding [2] Causes: Deficiency of coagulation factor XI [1] Diagnostic method: Prothrombin time [1] Prevention: Physical activity precautions [1] Treatment ...
In hemophilia it may occur spontaneously, and recurrent hemarthroses are a major cause of disability in that patient group due to hemophilic arthropathy, requiring synovectomy, joint replacement [9] and increased medical therapy to prevent further bleeding episodes.
Deficiencies of coagulation factors are associated with clinical bleeding. For instance, deficiency of Factor VIII causes classic hemophilia A while deficiencies of Factor IX cause "Christmas disease"(hemophilia B). Antibodies to Factor VIII can also inactivate the Factor VII and precipitate bleeding that is very difficult to control.
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