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c. 2800 BC — Indus Valley civilization on the Indian subcontinent, earliest use of decimal ratios in a uniform system of ancient weights and measures, the smallest unit of measurement used is 1.704 millimetres and the smallest unit of mass used is 28 grams. [citation needed]
The litre (1 dm 3) for volumes of liquid; The gramme, for mass—defined as the mass of one cubic centimetre of water; The franc, for currency. Historical note: only the metre and (kilo)gramme defined here went on to become part of later metric systems. Litres and to a lesser extent hectares (100 ares, or 1 hm 2) are still in use, but are not ...
counting rod decimal fraction 1/7. Starting from the 2nd century BCE, some Chinese units for length were based on divisions into ten; by the 3rd century CE these metrological units were used to express decimal fractions of lengths, non-positionally. [28]
Within the counting system used with most discrete objects (including animals like sheep), there was a token for one item (units), a different token for ten items (tens), a different token for six tens (sixties), etc. Tokens of different sizes and shapes were used to record higher groups of ten or six in a sexagesimal number system.
Before the establishment of the decimal metric system in France during the French Revolution in the late 18th century, [2] many units of length were based on parts of the human body. [3] [4] The Nippur cubit was one of the oldest known units of length. The oldest known metal standard for length corresponds to this Sumerian unit and dates from ...
The Romans used a duodecimal rather than a decimal system for fractions, as the divisibility of twelve (12 = 2 2 × 3) makes it easier to handle the common fractions of 1 ⁄ 3 and 1 ⁄ 4 than does a system based on ten (10 = 2 × 5).
260 BC – Greece, Archimedes proved that the value of π lies between 3 + 1/7 (approx. 3.1429) and 3 + 10/71 (approx. 3.1408), that the area of a circle was equal to π multiplied by the square of the radius of the circle and that the area enclosed by a parabola and a straight line is 4/3 multiplied by the area of a triangle with equal base ...
Tally marks used in France, Portugal, Spain, and their former colonies, including Latin America. 1 to 5 and so on. These are most commonly used for registering scores in card games , like Truco . In the dot and line (or dot-dash) tally, dots represent counts from 1 to 4, lines 5 to 8, and diagonal lines 9 and 10.