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The Cry of Pugad Lawin (Filipino: Sigaw sa Pugad Lawin, Spanish: Grito de Pugad Lawin) was the beginning of the Philippine Revolution against the Spanish Empire. [1]In late August 1896, members of the Katipunan [a] led by Andrés Bonifacio revolted somewhere around Caloocan, which included parts of the present-day Quezon City.
With the establishment of the Katipunan, Andrés Bonifacio requested his wife, Gregoria de Jesús, to create a flag for the society. De Jesús devised a simple red flag bearing the society's acronym, KKK, in white and arranged horizontally at the center. It became the society's first flag. Some Katipunan members used other variations.
The Bolo knife was the primary weapon used by the Katipunan during the Philippine Revolution. [18] It was also used by the Filipino guerrillas and bolomen during the Philippine–American War. [19] [20] the bolo serves as a symbol for the Katipunan and the Philippine Revolution, particularly the Cry of Pugad Lawin.
The Katipunan obtained overwhelming number of members and attracted the lowly classes. In June 1896, Bonifacio sent an emissary to Dapitan to obtain Rizal's support, but Rizal refused to participate in an armed revolution. On August 19, 1896, Katipunan was discovered by a Spanish friar, which resulted in the start of the Philippine Revolution.
In the last days of August 1896, Katipunan members met in Caloocan and decided to start their revolt [1] (the event was later called the "Cry of Balintawak" or "Cry of Pugad Lawin"; the exact location and date are disputed). A day after the Cry, the Supreme Council of the Katipunan held elections, with the following results: [1] [2]
21 August 1896 – Andres Bonifacio creates a new secret Katipunan code. 23 August 1896 – Members of the Katipunan gathered in the house of Juan Ramos, the son of Melchora Aquino. In this house, the revolutionaries tore their cedulas as a symbol of their determination and defiance. This event would be later known as the Cry of Pugad Lawin.
This commemorates the Cry of Pugad Lawin and the start of the Philippine Revolution. [11] In 1974, the Pinaglabanan Shrine was unveiled in San Juan, along Pinaglabanan Street. "Pinaglabanan" is a Tagalog word for "fought over". The present-day San Juan Elementary School stands on the former grounds of the ruined El Polvorín. [12]
Pío Valenzuela y Alejandrino (July 11, 1869 – April 6, 1956) was a Filipino physician and revolutionary leader. At the age of 22, he joined the society of Katipunan, a movement which sought the independence of the Philippines from Spanish colonial rule and started the Philippine Revolution.