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The mutation accumulation theory of aging was first proposed by Peter Medawar in 1952 as an evolutionary explanation for biological aging and the associated decline in fitness that accompanies it. [1] Medawar used the term 'senescence' to refer to this process.
The somatic mutation theory of ageing states that accumulation of mutations in somatic cells is the primary cause of aging. A comparison of somatic mutation rate across several mammal species found that the total number of accumulated mutations at the end of lifespan was roughly equal across a broad range of lifespans. [16]
Stochastic theories of aging are theories suggesting that aging is caused by small changes in the body over time and the body's failure to restore the system and mend the damages to the body. Cells and tissues are injured due to the accumulation of damage over time resulting in the diminished functioning of organs.
A related theory is that mutation, as distinct from DNA damage, is the primary cause of aging. A comparison of somatic mutation rate across several mammal species found that the total number of accumulated mutations at the end of lifespan was roughly equal across a broad range of lifespans. [49]
All evolutionary theories of aging rest on the basic mechanisms that the force of natural selection declines with age. [19] [20] Mechanistic theories of aging can be divided into theories that propose aging is programmed, and damage accumulation theories, i.e. those that propose aging to be caused by specific molecular changes occurring over time.
Membrane theory of aging; Mitochondrial Free Radical Theory of Aging; Mitochondrial Theory of Aging; Mutation accumulation theory of aging; Neuroendocrine theory of aging; Order to disorder theory of aging; Rate of living theory; Redundant DNA theory; Reliability theory of aging and longevity; Reproductive-cell cycle theory; Somatic mutation ...
Disposable Soma Theory of Aging - Because resources are often limited and the influence of natural selection declines with age for similar reasons as the Mutation Accumulation theory of aging, organisms that invest greater amounts of energy into earlier reproduction rather than long term body maintenance are more successful. The lack of somatic ...
1952 Peter Medawar proposed the mutation accumulation theory to explain how the aging process could have evolved. [15] [37] [4] 1954 Vladimir Dilman formulated the hypothesis of aging that at first become known only in the USSR, as the elevation hypothesis. In 1968 it took the form and became known as the neuroendocrine theory of aging. [38 ...