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The same pope excommunicated him again in 1239 for making war against the Papal States, a censure rescinded by the new pope, Celestine IV, who died soon after. Frederick was again excommunicated by Pope Innocent IV at the First Council of Lyons in 1245. Frederick repented just before his death and was absolved of the censure in 1250.
The Amish have also been known to excommunicate members that were either seen or known for breaking rules, or questioning the church, a practice known as shunning. Jehovah's Witnesses use the term disfellowship to refer to their form of excommunication. The word excommunication means putting a
Any secular person who removes goods or privileges from the church by force is excommunicated. [9] Any secular ruler who attempts to use force to expel the pope or a patriarch is excommunicated. [9] Any secular ruler or lay person who attempts to act against the proper legal process in a canonical election for a bishop is excommunicated. [9]
Salaverri and Nicolau's opinion is that only those which have been excommunicated by a "total, formal and perfect excommunication" can be said to be outside of the Catholic Church. [ 13 ] Catholic priest Joseph Krupp states that the person excommunicated is still considered Catholic and still has all the duties of that relationship, including ...
Ne Romani (1311), promulgated by Pope Clement V during the Council of Vienne, extended suffrage in papal election to excommunicated cardinals in an attempt to limit schisms. [ 1 ] This list includes only cardinals who have been explicitly excommunicated by a pope or ecumenical council , rather than those who (depending on one's interpretation ...
Archbishop Carlo Maria Viganò, a former papal ambassador to the US who became an ultra-conservative critic of Pope Francis, has been excommunicated for schism.
It imposed automatically (latae sententiae) the status of vitandus to anyone who committed physical violence on the Pope himself, [8] and states that with that exception "nobody is a vitandus excommunicate unless the Apostolic See has excommunicated him by name and has proclaimed the excommunication publicly and in the decree has stated ...
[5] [6] In addition, canon 1331 §1 of the Code of Canon Law forbids an excommunicated person, even one who has incurred a latae sententiae (automatic) excommunication, from receiving Holy Communion or any other of the sacraments of the Catholic Church, except for Reconciliation, to be reconciled to the Church. [7]