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A high-pressure sodium street light in Toronto A high-pressure sodium-vapor lamp An HPS lamp that isn't entirely off. A sodium-vapor lamp is a gas-discharge lamp that uses sodium in an excited state to produce light at a characteristic wavelength near 589 nm. Two varieties of such lamps exist: low pressure, and high pressure.
"40" sticker—400 watts (MV/MH/HPS/PSMH)—Very common "No" sticker [clarification needed] —600 watts (MH/HPS)—Lamps for commercial or industrial lighting are so rare that there isn’t any NEMA sticker. Most 600 watt HPS lamps are used for growing. "70" sticker—700 watts (MV)—Very uncommon "75" sticker—750 watts (HPS/PSMH)—Uncommon
Like other gas-discharge lamps such as the very-similar mercury-vapor lamps, metal-halide lamps produce light by ionizing a mixture of gases in an electric arc.In a metal-halide lamp, the compact arc tube contains a mixture of argon or xenon, mercury, and a variety of metal halides, such as sodium iodide and scandium iodide. [7]
The most common type of floodlight was the metal-halide lamp, which emits a bright white light (typically 75–100 lumens/Watt). Sodium-vapor lamps are also commonly used for sporting events, as they have a very high lumen to watt ratio (typically 80–140 lumens/Watt), making them a cost-effective choice when certain lux levels must be provided. [4]
Diagram of a high-pressure sodium lamp A high-pressure sodium lamp, Philips Master SDW-T 100W. Various types of chemistry are used in the arc tubes of HID lamps, depending on the desired characteristics of light intensity, correlated color temperature, color rendering index (CRI), energy efficiency, and lifespan. Varieties of HID lamp include:
A 175-watt mercury-vapor light approximately 15 seconds after starting.A closeup of a 175-W mercury-vapor lamp.The small diagonal cylinder at the bottom of the arc tube is a resistor which supplies current to the starter electrode.